TRANSACTIONS OF THE SECTIONS. 91 



ovata, My a arenaria, Scaicava arctica, Pholas ci-ispata, Cm-hula nucleus, Pcmdora 

 mmquivalvis, and three small species of Trophmi aud one of MangeUa that are new. 



Of the above shells ("70 in number) only two (exclusive of the Mmujelia and of 

 the three small new Trojihons) have not occurred in either the Coralline Ked or 

 Norwich Crags, viz. Vemis Jluctuosa and Tellina Balthica ; while eight of them (ex- 

 clusive of the four new forms), \\z. Purpura incrassata, Nassa gramilata, N.pusio, 

 Cerithium tricinctimi, Astarte Burtinii, A. Omalii, Erycinella ovalis, aud Tellina ohli- 

 qtia, are not known as living shells j and two, viz. Nucula Cohboldue and Cardita 

 scalaris, are, if living, confined to the Pacific. 



The uncertain list comprised the following, viz. Trophon consocialis, Nassa reticosa, 

 Trochus ffrauulatus, T. zizyphimts, Astarte incrassata, A. gracilis, Cytheraa chione, 



Fissurella graca, Emargimda ?, Columhella sulcata, Margarita helicina, Tellina 



lata, Mactra subtruncata, M. arcuata, Leda lanceolata, and Mya truncata, all Cra* 

 shells, and five of them not known living. Especial attention was called to the 

 presence of such a shell as Erycinella ovalis, of which three specimens had been 

 obtained. Two Crag corals, viz. Sphenotrochus intermediits and Balanophyllia cahi- 

 culiis, had also occurred. The character of the fauna was Southern rather than 

 Northern. 



Notes on Fossil Crustacea. B\j Hjenry Woodward, F.O.fi. 



Mr. Woodward first called attention to the progi-ess made in the investigation of 

 this class during the past year. He referred to the important discovery of legs 

 in Asaphus (made by Mr. E. Billings) as likely to decide the position of the Trilo- 

 bites to be near the Iso^mda, and not near the PhyUupoda, as heretofore supposed. 



The progress of investigation of the larval stages of Linmlus promises also to 

 throw important light on the older forms of this group, and also upon the relation 

 between the Liniidi and Trilohitce. 



Mr. Woodward described the follo-svingnew Crustacea, namely : — 



1. A new species of Earypte^-us (E. Brodiei) from the Upper Ludlow, Stoke- 

 Edith Purton, discovered by the Rev. P. B. Brodie, M.A., F.G.S. 



2. A new and gigantic Phyllopod (Ceratiocaris ludensis) from the same formation 

 near Ludlow, preserved in the Ludlow Museimi. 



3. Anew Ceratiocaris {C. Oreto/jensw) from the Carboniferous limestone ofOreton, 

 Worcestershire. 



4. Four new forms of Cyclus from the Carboniferous limestone of Ireland and 

 Yorkshii-e, namely, C. bilobatus, C. torosus, C. Wrightii, C. Harknessi. Mr. Wood- 

 ward remarked upon the singular mimetic resemblance between these shields and 

 the young larval land-crabs figured by Mr. Westwood in the Philosophical Trans- 

 actions, p. 311 (1835). 



5. A new Isopod from the Lower Chalk of Dover, Luton, and Ely was described 

 under the name of Pulcega CaHeri. 



6. A second species oi Scyllaridia {S. Bellii) was recorded from the London Clay 

 of Sheppey. 



7. Lastly, Mr. Woodward described a new form [of Dithyrocaris (D. striatus), 

 obtained by Principal Dawson, of Montreal, from the Middle Devonian Sandstone 

 of Gaspe, Canada. 



BIOLOGY. 



Address hy Professor Eolleston, M.D., F.R.S., President of the Section. 

 Amongst the duties of a President of a Section the delivery of an Address has in 

 these latter days somehow come to be reckoned ; and that I may interpose myself 

 for but as short a time as possible between your attention and the papers announced 

 to you for reading upon your list, I ^^ill begin what I have to say without any fur- 

 ther preface. 



I wish first to make a few observations as to the kind of preparation which is 



