70 KEPORT — 1866. 



namely, ValvtiUna cornea, d'Orb. Trochammina squamata, P. & J., and T. (/ur- 



dialis, P. & J. . . o 



The Lagenidoi were also largely represented. Lagaia ffracillima, Seguenza, 

 L. L>/eUii,'Segnenza, and L. crenata, P. & J. were new to our fauna; and the list 

 was further augmented by two new forms having the following characters : — ■ 



Lcu/ena Jeffreysii, ii. s. Shell ilask-shaped, often more or less flattened on 

 four sides, ecto-solenian ; neck long, and fm-nished with a close spiral 

 ornamentation : surface covered with minute aciculi, sometimes worn 

 down so as to impart a merely rough appearance to the shell. 

 La^ena pulchella, n. s. Characters as L. margitutta, Mont, to which it is 

 closely allied, but differing in having a number of delicate parallel costae 

 springing from the base and extending into the upper half of the shell, in 

 some specimens nearly to the apei-ture. 

 Margimdina Rajihanus, Linn., and Cristellaria cidtrata, Montfort, were noticed; 

 but the specimens were scarce and of poor dimensions. 



A beautiful symmetrical variety of Poh/trema and several obscm-e RotalincB were 

 found ; but these and some other "doxibtfui specimens remained to be worked out. 



Note. — Since the paper was read the author has learnt from Dr. Alcock, of Manchester, 

 that three or four dead shells of Lngena crenata had previously been found amongst the 

 Foramuiiferous sands of Dog's Bay, Connemara. 



On the Application of the Greeh and Latin La^igiiages to Scientijic Nomen- 

 clature. By Thomas Bkowx. 



On Oyster Cultivation. By F. Buckland. 



The author began by explaining that it was difficult to give, in a few minutes, 

 the result of a whole year's information. He would confine his remarks principally 

 to the history of the living spat of the oyster, the chemical analysis of the meat 

 and the mother-liquor of the oyster, to the adhesions of the various substances to 

 which they loved to adhere, and to the marketable value of the oysters as tested 

 by weight. He proceeded to describe the exceedingly interesting action and 

 movements displayed by the young oyster when first emitted fi-om its mother's shell, 

 giving the reason why they sometimes floated on the surface of the water, and 

 sometimes sank to the bottom, and the use to which the young oyster places its 

 cUife, expressing it as his opinion that these organs never dropped off, but were ab- 

 sorbed after the young 03'ster became fixed. He then exhibited a great variety of 

 substances to which the oysters seemed to have a natural preference for adhering. 

 ,\mong these were several curiosities, such as a " plague pipe," to which an oyster 

 had fixed itself ; an ordinary pipe, presented to him by Sir Walter Trevelyan, in 

 the bowl of which no less than three oysters had talien up their position ; also 

 some old-fashioned wine or spirit bottles, from the North Sea and Loch Ryan, pre- 

 sented to him by Sir William Wallace. He then proceeded to describe the result 

 of the chemical analysis which he had instituted in conjunction with A. Pythian ' 

 Tamer, Esq., giving the amounts of mineral matter, the animal, and also the fatty 

 matter. The results obtained showed that the phosphates were more important m 

 the composition of the meat of the oyster than any other of the ingi-edients, and 

 hence their great practical use for invalids and in sea-sickness. He also gav(! 

 practical deductions as to choice of proper places where oysters should be laid in 

 order to obtain a good supply of these phosphates. He then described the process 

 of the growth of the oyster-shell, and detailed the manner in which the ovsiei 

 fonned the shell from the mother-liquor, the mode also by which the little oj'sters 

 were enabled to form their shell inside the mother-shell. His observations enabled 

 him to come to the conclusion as to the possible way in which the yoimg oyster 

 was enabled to attach itself to various articles. He had been enabled to collect 

 samples of oysters from almost every part of the United Kingdom. These have 



