102 KEPORT — 1866. 



those at Senamanes and Logier Hill, lat. 18° 4' 58" S., long, approx. 26° 38' E., lear- 

 ino- no doubt that tliej^ were formed by the same cause. Most of the siu-face rocks 

 seem igneous. Slight earthquakes are common iu Damara Land, and cattle graze in 

 a supposed extinct volcano in Naniaqua Land. 



It is not my intention to speak now of the northern branches of the Zambesi, but 

 only of the westernmost, and of the means by which it might be made available for 

 the exploration of the great river. 



Since 1824 it has been known that the Cunene, or Nom'se River, reached the 

 Atlantic in lat. 17° S. ; it was supposed to rise iu the centre of the continent, and 

 the Mukuru Mukovanga was connected with it on the maps of Messrs. Galton and 

 C. J. Andersson iu 1851 and 185.3. In 1859 Mr. Anderssou reached the Okovango 

 in 17° 30' S., and long, approx. 19° E. ; it was a noble sti-eam flowing not to the west, 

 but to the east, and he naturally concluded it must be the Chobe, or that branch of 

 the Zambesi which is called so. He descended forty miles in canoes to the Chief 

 Chikongo, and agaiu saw the river a degree above his first point, or lat. 17° 46' S., 

 long. 18° E., when, worn out by fever, he was relieved by Mr. Fred. Green. 



A native tracing a map on the ground made the river give otf at Libebe's Island 

 a smaller stream called the Teoughe, which flowed south-east to Lake Ngami, while 

 the main one continued east to Sekeletu's Town, at Linyanti. In confirmation of 

 this, it was said that the Makololo had come up all the way iu canoes from Linyanti 

 to Libebe's, and had carried off vast herds of cattle and many slaves. 



Mr. Green, Wilson, Lindholra, and others agree in the belief that the Okovango, 

 rising near the west coast, gives onlj- a small part of its waters to the Teoughe, 

 while the main stream flows east as one of the principal branches of the Zambesi. 



]Mr. Green, accompanied by his wife, has at length succeeded in penetrating from 

 Damara Land to the Cunene, and appears to think that the two rivers have their 

 sources in the same extensive marshy tableland, the Okovaugo flowing blue and 

 clear toward the east, while the Cunene, turbid with the soil, glides between over- 

 hanging trees, or rushes down the Atlantic face of the plateau. 



If the traveller enters the Portuguese coimtry north of the Cunene he may hire 

 native porters with calico and blue Selampore ; the American yard-wide calico is 

 much prized, as two widths of a fathom each make a six-foot wrapper ; our o\\ni 

 stout double width unbleached beats it out of the market, but narrov.- stuff' is of 

 little value. It is necessary he should sliow himself independent of nati^'e help, 

 that he may obtain it more readily ; and for this piu'pose the boxes in which he 

 carries his goods ought to be of uniform size, and taper so that he may put them 

 together as a skiff! Copper is the best material. Tin rusts, and wood is eaten by 

 ants. I have used a light frame of reeds covered with two thicknesses of oiled 

 calico ; this may be made in a day or two, and with care is effective enough. 



If he starts fi-om Damara Land, one ox waggon will carry more than an army of 

 natives ; the waggon chests may be of uniform size and water-tight, the side chests 

 being tapered to make the bow and stem. The waggon tilt might be convertible 

 into a boat, or the sides and bottom might be of unshaped planks to build one. 



I should prefer sheets of copper 4 feet by 2 feet, 1 lb. to the foot, eighteen of 

 which would build a boat 20 feet long, and 4 feet beam. If put together with screAvs 

 and nuts it might be taken to pieces at the portages, and rebuilt beyond them. I 

 shoidd build one which might be used as a single boat in the narrows, or a double 

 canoe with a commodious deck in the broad rivers. 



If the traveller vsdshed to preserve his waggon, the heavy parts might be rafted 

 with reeds ; but at the Victoria Falls he woidd probably meet some colonial tra- 

 veller or trader willing to assist in carrjdng his boat to Logier Hill. I thirdr a 

 whale boat or Norway yawl coidd pass down Kebrabasa in the flooded season ; but 

 if not, the Portuguese settlements on the east coast would be vdthin an easy march, 

 and journals or other valuables might be removed by native porters. 



Oa the Relations of the Ahysshiian Trihutaries of the Nile and the Eqivatorial 

 Lakes to the Inundations of Egypt. By Sir S. W. Bakek. 



The author commenced by giving a description of the ancient mystery of the Nile 

 and the long-continued doubt and speculations as to the source of the annual inunda- 



