378 



REPORT 1869. 



own times. The Tinoporus Icevis, P. & J., another recent species, will pro- 

 bably be added to the list, though it requires more examination, together 

 with the recent species Textularia sagittida, Defrance, and the genus Fusu- 

 lina. The cells of the new genus Carteria have since been found somewhat 

 abundantly on the decomposed edges of the Carboniferous-limestone rock of 

 ElfhiUs. Thus there are twenty-one species of Carboniferous-limestone 

 Foraminifera unexpectedly making their appearance for the first time in 

 mineral veins, three of which have lived on to this day. 



Land and Freshwater Shells. — Not the least important fact in my mine 

 explorations has been the discovery of a land and freshwater fauna. 

 Until I obtained the three genera of Helix, Vertigo, and Proserpina, with 

 the freshwater genera Planorbis and Valvata, in the Charterhouse Mine, 

 the only known terrestrial shell below the secondary beds was the Piqja 

 vetusta, Daw., found by Sir Charles Lyell and Dr. Dawson in the Coal- 

 measures of Nova Scotia. To the above genera I have now to add those of 

 Hydrohia, Stoastoma ?, Lithoglyphus, and Pisidium, from the mines of the 

 north of England, some of which I have little doubt are older than the 

 Pupa vetusta of the coal-beds. There is thus the fact of the presence of 

 nine genera of land and freshwater shells in the lead-veins of this country. 



In addition to the list of organic remains which follows, numbering about 

 112 species from the north of England and North-Wales mines, eight, 

 which are not in common, have been obtained from Weston, and to these 

 again are to be added 89 in the list previously given from Charterhouse, 

 so that in true and workable mineral veins I have found 209 species. In 

 the Carboniferous Limestone^of the Frome district precisely similar pheno- 

 mena occur, though the fissures are not worked. These Ehsetic and Liassic 

 veins have yielded me about 70 species, so that, including the districts I 

 have enumerated, I have obtained from vein-fissures, with their deposits of 

 different ages, about 279 species of organic remains. 



Under these peculiar circumstances, I have discovered the oldest known 

 Mammalia, the oldest land and freshwater Mollusca, about 52 species of 

 fish, and about 8 of Reptilia, besides the other groups to which reference 

 has been made. 



The list of species from Charterhouse Mine previously given and those 

 from Weston are not included in the following list. The species of Forami- 

 nifera marked " Brady " are new to science, and descriptions of them will be 

 found in Mr. H. B. Brady's " Notes on the Foraminifera " immediately 

 following this Report, as well as a provisional notice of the new genus 

 Carteria. 



