ON THE PHYSIOLOGICAL ACTION OF THE METHYL COMPOUNDS. 47 



For the remainder the generic name Prosopon should be retained, viz. : 

 P. acideatum, P. ornatum, P. torosum, P. Heydeni, P. cequum, P. paradoxum. 



To this last division I have now the pleasure to add a new British species 

 from Stonesfield. 



This form was first noticed by Professor Morris, F.Gr.S., who obtained an 

 imperfect carapace many years since ; it was next observed by Mr. Samuel 

 Stutterd, of Banbury, but likewise in an imperfect state. The perfect cara- 

 pace now exhibited was kindly lent me by George Griifith, Esq., M.A., the 

 Assistant-General Secretary of the British Association. AU these three 

 specimens are from Stonesfield, and they add another new genus to our list 

 of British Oolitic Brachyura. I propose to name it Prosopon mammiUatum. 



New Fossil Land- Crab from the Lower Eocene, 



Lastly, I wish to call attention to a new genus of Cmstacea from the 

 Bed Marl of the Plastic Clay, High Cliff", Hampshire, and is, I beheve, the 

 first discovered example of a British land-crab, or shore-crab, yet met with. 

 Its oblong quadrangular-shaped carapace, with obtusely rounded anterior 

 angles and short blunt rostrum, remind one immediately of the Ocypoda. In 

 addition to this, the eyes have extremely elongated pediincles, which are 

 seen preserved in the fossil, lying in the groove along the fronto -orbital 

 margin of the carapace, as in the recent genera Gelasimus, Macrophthalmus, 

 and Ocypoda. The hands are both small ; and from this, as well as from the 

 very broad posterior border of the carapace, I infer that this is a female 

 example, as in most of the recent species of Quadrangulares the male has one 

 hand enormously developed for burrowing, whereas the hands of the female 

 are both small and very feeble. The other limbs are, like those of the recent 

 species, well formed for rapid movement along the ground. I propose to 

 name this interesting little Cmstacean Goniocypoda Edwardsi, in honour of 

 the great French carcinologist to whom science is so much indebted*. 



Report on the Physiological Action of tKe Methyl Compounds. 

 By Benjamin W. Richardson, M.A., M.D., F.R.S. 



In the present paper I produce the fourth of a series of Eeports which I have 

 had the honour to prepare for the British Association. The Eeports have all 

 had relation to the physiological action of bodies of organic type. The first 

 Report treated of the action of the substance known as nitrite of amyl. The 

 second was on amyUc alcohol, acetate of amyl, and iodide of amyl. The third 

 was on the nitrite of amyl as a remedy, and the action of the amyls as anti- 

 septics ; it included also notes of a research on the physiological action of 

 absolute ether, hydrofluoric ether, acetate of ethyl, and nitrite of ethyl. 



As the matter of the present Report is long, I shall not attempt to reca- 

 pitulate at any length the results of previous Reports ; I shall be content to 

 offer as the more salient points the following facts : — 



In respect to the amyls — 



1. Nitrite of amyl was found to be the most active known excitant of the 

 circulation. 



* See Geol. Mag. Dec. 1867, vol. iv. p. 529, pi. 21. fig. 1. 



