438 REPORT— 1867. 



Crttstacea. 



First wc will take the Crustacea. In my Eeport of Hobridean Dredging 

 last J'ear, I traced the genus Xantho northwards as far as the Isle of Mull; 

 and I have now to record the occurrence of a young specimen of X. rivulosa 

 some 350 miles further north, off the Island of Balta. A fine undescribed 

 Par/itnis is perhaps nearest allied to P. cuanensis. The hand is remarkably 

 broad, the finger esjiecially so, and is furnished with three much elevated 

 ribs, one at each margin, and the third central ; the margins are denticulately 

 spined, and the wrist and upper edge of the second and third legs are also 

 spinous ; the species may be named Paguras tvicarlnatus. Among the My- 

 sidea are two genera not yet recorded as British. Nematoinis serrutus, G. 0. 

 Sars, differs from Mysis chiefly in the structure of the abdominal feet and of 

 the central tail-plate ; the species, when alive, is a beautiful little thing, 

 having its white body prettily painted with red, and the eyes, which are 

 large and kidney-shaped, of a brilliant ruby colour. The other genus is one 

 which I would establish (Gastrosaccus) for the reception of the Mysis sancta 

 of Van Beueden ( = M. spinifera, Goes); the marsupial pouch, instead of 

 being an appendage, as in Mysis, of the last two thoracic legs, is attached to 

 the last thoracic and first abdominal feet ; and the first abdominal feet in the 

 female, instead of being the smallest, are the most fully developed, and con- 

 sist of an elongated basal joint and two short branches ; while in the male 

 the third abdominal foot is the more especially developed sexual organ. 

 Gastrosaccus sanctus, though now first recorded, has been for many years in 

 my collection, and was first sent to me bj- Mr. Edward, of Banff, who pro- 

 cured it in the Mora}' Firth. Mysis Jlexuosa, Spiritus, vulgaris, Griffithsim 

 and DidelpJiys ; Diasfylis lamdlata, Iphithoe serrafa, and Lamprops rosea 

 were the remaining Stomapods. 



Among the Amphipoda the difficult family Lysianassidse is well repre- 

 sented by Callisoma crenata, Anony.v lonyii-ornis, lovyipes, mimttus, ohesus, 

 andi HoVydlVd ( = denficuhitus, Bate), and by three additions to our fauna, — 

 Anony.v nanoides of Lilljeboi'g, procured among Laminariac at Lerwick and 

 at Hillswick, Anonyx tumidus of Kroycr, found in a sponge dredged thirty- 

 five miles N'.jS'.W. of Unst in 170 fathoms, and Stegocepludus ampidla, 

 Phipps. This last truly arctic species was dredged in 60-70 fathoms in 

 St. Magnus Bay ; the single specimen procured is, as compared witli Spitz- 

 bergen examples, for which I am indebted to Professor Loven, as a pigmj- to 

 giants, bearing about tlie same proportionate size to its northern brethren as 

 do the Leda permda, taken in the same spot, to their Greenland relatives. 

 Indeed, as a rule, those arctic Amphipods, which occur also on the British 

 coast — for example, Gammnnis Jocvsta and AmatliiUa Sahini — attain a much 

 greater dcvelojiment within the Arctic circle. The Anony.v tumidus, how- 

 ever, of Shetland, shows no difference of size from Spitzbergcn specimens. It 

 may be questioned, however, whether this is a truly arctic species ; for 

 although long known in the north, it has recently been recorded by Professor 

 HeUer from the Adriatic Sea ; and its discovery this year in Slietland gives 

 an intermediate locality. The fact that it is an cssentiallj' parasitic species, 

 which is never found except either in the branchial sac of Tunicata or in 

 sponges, and that it is also an inhabitant of very deep water, may have led 

 to its having been hitherto overlooked. 



Passing over all other Amphipoda hitherto known to our fauna, I have to 

 announce the following important additions : — a species allied apparently to 



