TRANSACTIONS OF THE SECTIONS. G3 



the author maintains ought not to be classed with the truly " sedimentaiy " portion 

 of the gi'oup. 



Comparing the thiclmess of these beds in the Pendle district with that of the 

 same formations in the direction of the Midland Counties, as ascertained during the 

 progress of the Ceological Survey, the following were found to he the relative 

 proportions : 



18,785 12,135 9000 2600 



These figures showed, in the author's opinion, a gradual thinning away of the 

 strata towards the centre and east of England, as far as the Carboniferous rocks 

 can be traced in that direction, till lost from view beneath the more recent 

 formations, 



The author pointed to the above sections as bearing out his views regarding " the 

 south-easterly attenuation of the Carboniferous sedimentary rocks " of England, as 

 explained at the Manchester Meeting of the Association, and more inilj stated in 

 the Journal of the Geological Society of London, vol. xvi. ; and also as having an 

 important bearing on the question of the extension of the coal-fields under the 

 Triassic formations of central England. 



Observations on tJte relative Geological Ages of the lyrincipal Physical Features 

 of the Carboniferous Distrct of Lancashire. By Edward Hull, B.A.,F.R.S., 

 of the Geological Survey of Scotland. 



In this paper the author endeavoured to show that the upheaval of the Lower 

 Carboniferous rocks along the Pendle range corresponded in time, and nearly in 

 direction, with that which upraised the same beds along the northern boundary of 

 the Yorkshire coal-field; and that this upheaval, rimning in a line about E.N.E., 

 dates as far back as the interval between the Carboniferous and Permian periods. 



2. That the occurrence of small areas of Permian beds on the northern base and 

 slopes of the Pendle range, and resting imconformably on the Lower Carboniferous 

 rocks, as at Clitheroe and Bispham, showed that the upheaval of the Carboniferous 

 rocks took place before the Permian period, and that the amount of denudation must 

 have been very gi-eat. According to the author's calculation, no less than 19,000 

 feet of Carboniferous strata have been remo-i"ed in the Vale of Clitheroe before 

 the commencement of the Permian period. (See thickness of these beds in pre- 

 ceding paper.) 



3. That [the upheaval of the Millstone and Yoredale beds along the eastern 

 border of Lancashire, and which resulted in dissevering the coal-field of this county 

 from that of Yorkshire, was later than the period of upheaval of the Pendle range, 

 being in all probability at the close of the Permian and commencement of the Tri- 

 assic epochs. The general direction of this upheaval was north and south. 



4. That the disturbances which produced the system of faults ranging N.W., for 

 which the Lancashire coal-fields are so remarkable, were of later date than either 

 of those above-named : and were to be considered in all probability as having 

 occurred nt the close of the Jurassic epoch — certainly later than tliat of the Lias. 



These tliiee systems of upheaval were shown to correspond to the sides of a 

 triangle, of which the first and earliest lay about 20° north of east, the second about 

 north and south, and the third and latest about N.N.W. 



On some New Ccplialasimlcan Fishes. By E. Ray Lankestet!. 

 Mr. Lankester descriljed a new fish, laiown formerly by fragments as Plcctroclus 

 2)ustuUferus. He also briefly noticed a new and large Cepbalaspid from the Down- 

 ton Sandstones discovered by Mr. Lightbody. A diagram of a restored Cephalaspis, 

 shovring some new points in the morphology of the genus, was also exhibited. 



