192 REPORT—1868. 
of July he ate daily 500 grammes of fat flesh. During this period the fieces 
were like clay, soft, and contained a quantity of fat. The weight of the 
body diminished rapidly, so that on the 8th it was 8-203 kilogrammes, and 
on the 9th 7:750 kilogrammes. He was then lean, but lively, and had 750 
grammes of flesh, pretty free from fat, divided into three portions, which he 
ate morning, midday, and evening. During the period he lived on flesh his 
hair fell out largely, and could easily be pulled out in tufts without causing 
pain. There was also a large development of gas in the intestines, with 
borborygmi and liquid feces. About the 20th of July they assumed their 
natural consistence, and were brown externally, though of an ash-colour in- 
ternally. Each time the fistulous opening was interfered with or irritated, 
the fseces became softer and more liquid, and their odour more cadaverous ; 
while, when consistent, it was less penetratingly putrid. From August 3rd 
to September 1st, the food consisted of old rye-bread, of which there was 
consumed, on an average, daily 470 grammes, and was commenced because 
the dog refused all animal food. During this period its weight increased to 
8 kilogrammes, the emaciation disappeared, and the falling off of the hair 
diminished. Indeed the hair in a few months grew abundantly, so that it 
presented a black shining coat, as before the operation. The appetite re- 
turned, and he ate greedily. The digestion was good; the feces of firm 
consistence, of a yellowish-grey colour, like that of the bread, and less offen- 
sive than when he was fed on flesh. Their quantity also was increased as 
three to two. Their average daily weight was 320 grammes ; whereas, when 
fed on flesh, it was 210 grammes. Healsodrank more. When the diet was 
bread, he drank daily the average quantity of 450 cubic centimetres ; when 
fed on flesh, only 340 cubic centimetres. 
The quantity of bile secreted on the average, when fed upon 750 grammes of 
flesh and upon 470 grammes of rye-bread, is shown in the following Table :— 
Daily food Weight of | Bile secreted} Bile solids | Bile secreted | Bile secreted 
aie dog. daily. daily. daily per kilo. | hourly p. kil. 
750grms.flesh.! 7°750 kilogs. | go'295 grms.|2°892 grms. to} 11°65 grms.| 0486 grm. 
3°056 grms. 
470 grms. rye-| 7°812 kilogs. | 63°024 grms.|1°662 grm. to | 8067 grms. | 0°336 grm. 
bread. 2°634 grms. 
From hourly observations it appears that the largest quantities of bile were 
secreted during the first hours after getting food; drinking water also in- 
creased the secretion. The dog caught cold September 1st, and died Septem- 
ber 3rd, from peritonitis. On September 4th the body of the animal weighed 
7512 kilogrammes. On dissection, it was found that where the ductus com- 
munis choledochus had been cut out, a new one three lines long was formed, 
having on one side of it a small collection of pus containing the ligatures. 
It was therefore believed that in a short time the common duct would have 
been reestablished. Round the plate of the canula a newly formed mucous 
membrane was discovered, continuous with the gall-bladder. 
The following are the more important conclusions drawn by Arnold from 
the whole inquiry (p. 19):—1. Cutting off the bile from the intestines, if a 
sufficiently increased quantity of food can be digested, is not injurious to an 
animal. For two dogs of the same weight, one with and the other without 
fistula, the first will require five- eighths | more flesh or three-fifths more bread 
than the second. 2. The quantity of bile secreted is influenced by the 
quantity and quality of the food. A dish of bread gives rise to a less secre- 
tion of bile than one of flesh, 3, From experiments on dogs with biliary 
