ON THE SHETLAND CRUSTACEA, TUNICATA, ETC. 315 
three or four tubercles much larger than the rest, the central one being 
only slightly larger than the lateral. 
Brissopsis lyvifera (Forbes)= Brissus lyrifer, Forbes, British Starfishes, 
p. 187, =Brissopsis lyrifera, Sars, Oversigt af Norges Echinodermer, 
p. 96. On the Unst and Whalsey Skerries Haafs; also in St. Magnus 
Bay. 
ee roardiiien cordatum (Pennant)=Amphidotus cordatus, Forbes, British 
Starfishes, p. 190, = Zchinocardium cordatum, Gray, List Brit. Anim. in 
Brit. Mus. Radiated Animals, p. 6. Only two or three specimens ob- 
served, probably because our dredging was almost wholly confined to 
deep water. 
pennatifidum, Norman, = -Amphidotus gibbosus, Barrett, Ann. Nat. Hist. 
2nd ser. vol. xix. (1857), p. 33, pl. vil. fig. 2 (but not A. gibbosus of 
Agassiz). 
This species is certainly not A. gibbosus of Agassiz. It is widely 
different from Z. cordatum, but closely allied to A. ovatum, than which 
it is much larger and different in many particulars. The name I pro- 
pose for it is in allusion to the beautiful pennatifid pedicellariz with 
which it is furnished, and which are wholly unlike those of #. ovatum. 
The specimen procured by Barrett was “‘ dredged in 25 fathoms on the 
south side of Bressay Island, Shetland, on a coarse sandy bottom.” I 
have myself seen three specimens of the species from as many different 
localities, one dredged by myself in 1867 in St. Magnus Bay, Shetland, 
another procured by Mr. D. Robertson in the Clyde district, and the third 
obtained by Mr. Hodge off the Northumberland coast. 
ovatum (Leske)= Amphidotus roseus, Forbes, British Starfishes, p. 196. 
Very common in deep water, 40-140 fathoms, 
Spatangus purpureus (Miller). Common in deep water, down to 100 fa- 
thoms. 
meridionalis, Risso, Hist. Nat. de Europe Méridionale, vol. v. (1826) 
p. 280; Sars, Middlehavets Littoral Fauna (1857), p. 118. 
Very near to S. purpwreus, but the shell much higher and more 
tumid dorsally, and the hinder portion more produced and narrower in 
comparison with the anterior extremity. ‘The colour is much deeper, 
being of a very deep purple hue in every part; the larger spines of the 
interambulacral areas are not conspicuously larger and longer than the 
rest; the ambulacral fascioles are very narrowly lanceolate, four and a 
half to six times as long as broad, and thus much longer in proportion to 
their breadth than in S. purpureus, in which they are from twice and a half 
to thrice and a half or, very rarely, four times as long as broad*. The 
following give the respective dimensions of the parts in two specimens 
of the same length :— 
Fasciole Fasciole 
Long. Wide. High. long. wide. 
inches. inches. inches. inch. inch, 
S. meridtonalis.... 3% .4.. Bf... BA... 1G ee 
S. purpureus .... 32 .... 33, .... 1,8 .... lay... & 
The specimens measured were selected at random from a number, merely 
as being of exactly the same length, and thus calculated to give a fair 
idea of the specific differences. 
* These measurements are taken from one of the anterior fascioles ,and give the extreme 
breadth and height to the outside edge of the pores. 
