316 : REPORS—— 1868: 
The discovery of this species in the Shetland sea is of very high 
interest. It is one of several instances of large conspicuous Mediterra- 
nean species turning up in the great depths of these northern waters, and 
which as yet are unknown at intermediate localities. S, mertdionalis 
was dredged in 100-140 fathoms, 25-35 miles N.N.W. of Burrafirth 
Lighthouse, in company with Cidaris papillata, Archaster Parelii, Nor- 
mania crassa, Isodictya laciniosa, Raphioderma coacervata, &e. 
Echinocyamus angulosus, Leske, = Echinocyamus pusillus, Forbes, British 
Starfishes, p. 175. Common. 
Echinarachnius placenta, Gmelin ; Fleming, British Animals, p. 479; Forbes, 
British Starfishes, p. 178. “Isle of Foulah, very rare, Professor Jame- 
son ” (Fleming). 
Order HOLOTHUROIDEA. 
Psolus phantapus (Linn.). Frequent. The young of this species has been 
mistaken by British naturalists for P. sguamatus of Scandinavian authors, 
a species which, though several times recorded, has not yet been found 
in the British seas. 
Psolinus brevis, Forbes & Goodsir. ‘ Discovered by Mr. Goodsir and myself 
in the Shetland seas, adhering to the stems of Laminariz”’ (E. Forbes). 
I believe this genus and species to be founded on the young of a Cu- 
cumarida. : 
Cucumaria frondosa (Gunner). Occurs in marvellous abundance in one par- 
ticular part of Bressay Sound. ‘‘ Peter,” who was Forbes’s dredger, was 
indeed true to his word when he stated to me no man knew as he did 
where the “ Puddings”’ were. The contents of the dredge on the very 
first haul was a sight not soon to be forgotten. It was literally filled 
with C. frondosa, There rolled out upon the deck thirty or more of 
these huge, deep purple, smooth, slimy Holothurians, measuring from 
10 to 18 inches long, in every state of expansion and contraction, evi- 
dently greatly discomposed at their novel situation, and in their hurry 
to withdraw their much-branched tentacles and make things as snug as 
they could, squirting out streams of water from their capacious maws. 
— fucicola (Forbes & Goodsir). The type specimens were found not un- 
commonly “in Bressay Sound, Shetland, in 7 fathoms water, adhering 
to the stems of Laminarie,” and thus in the same locality with C. fron- 
dosa. Von Diiben and Koren (Ofversigt af Skandinay. Echinod. p. 294) 
referred this species to the young of C. frondosa, and their synonymy 
has been copied by all subsequent writers without inquiry. But the 
young of C. frondosa is like the adult, in that ‘‘ corpus, collum et pedum 
latera teguntur granulis calcareis, irregularibus, difformibus, nunquam 
perforatis,” which is not the case with O. fucicola. Specimens of this 
species, procured by myself in the typical locality, have the skin supplied 
with calcareous plates, which are very irregular in form and size, but 
when fully developed are nearly round, rather longer, however, than 
broad, and perforated with as many as 30-40 holes. The sides of the 
feet are likewise furnished with the irregular-shaped, elongated, perfo- 
rated plates common in this position in the different species of the genus; 
but these feet-spicules I have also observed sparingly present in the 
young of C. frondosa, though in the passage above quoted Diiben and 
Koren deny their existence. 
—— fusiformis (Forbes & Goodsir). Forbes, British Starfishes, p. 219, = 
Cucumaria elongata, Yon Diiben & Koren, Ofversigt af Skandinav. 
