74 REPORT—1868. 
an exact horizon by which the series in Norfolk and Suffolk could be correlated. 
Mr. Maw considered that the whole of the beds above the oblique ferruginous Red 
Crag in the well-known Chillesford Crag-pit pertained to the Chillesford Clay 
* series. The Fluviomarine, or Lower Norwich Crag, was here wanting; but he 
disagreed with those who considered the obliquely bedded ferruginous Red Crag 
as the equivalent of the Norwich Crag; for in its occurrence at Thorpe, in Suffolk, 
within three and a half miles of Chillesford, it showed no approach in either its 
physical or paleontological features to the Red Crag. The Chillesford beds ex- 
tend transgressively over the Coralline Red and Fluviomarine Crags, and do not 
appear to pass upwards in conformable succession from any of the subjacent beds. 
The upper part of the Chillesford beds probably graduate into the drift underlying 
the Boulder-clay of High Suffolk. These were considered older than the coast 
beds of Cromer, and appear to partake of the general denudation contour of the 
country, having been extensively denuded in the excavation of valleys that are 
cut deeply through them into the chalk and other older formations. The coast- 
beds, including the forest-bed of Cromer (with which the author identified the 
other forest-beds along the 8.E. and 8. coasts), the laminated beds, and the over- 
lying Boulder-till and contorted drift, were considered more recent, being deposited 
after a long interval of denudation and disposed with reference to the existing 
coast outline. The resemblance in the fauna and flora of the Murdesley fresh- 
water deposit to that of the forest and laminated beds was noticed, and the 
Mundesley peat and other thin layers of similar matter in the Norfolk coast-till, 
were considered to be merely a recurrence of the laminated beds at its base. The 
Thames valley deposits at Grays Thurrock might be contemporaneous with the 
Norfolk coast-beds, and they exhibit a contorted structure at their base. The 
phenomenon of “ trail” or surface furrowing and rearrangement of drift, which 
had been described by the Rey. O. Fisher as the result of land-ice, did not appear 
to be accountable on any other theory. It seems to have been one of the most 
recent phenomena applied to the general denudation contour of the land-surface. 
Tt was not confined to the east of England; and the author exhibited a drawing 
of a section of stratified drift at the Bangor Station, North Wales, which had been 
rearranged in surface-furrows and pouches similarly to Mr. Fisher's “Trail” in the 
east of England. It was possible that it might have been contemporaneous with 
the deposition of the glacial beds on the Norfolk coast, which were also deposited 
subsequently to the land-surface receiving its present denudation contour. 
On New Discoveries connected with Quaternary Deposits. 
By Cuartes Moorn, F.G.S. 
When examining an oolitic quarry at Falkland the author discovered in a fissure 
at about 40 feet from the surface, a drift with a number of small teeth and bones 
of mammals, and that subsequently he obtained them in great abundance, many 
of them belonging to small rodents. His attention being thus directed to the 
presence of mammalian remains in the fissures of the Oolite, he had since obtained 
them of many genera under similar circumstances along the escarpments of the 
Oolite through Somersetshire and Gloucestershire, associated with freshwater 
shells and bog-iron ore, which latter forms a considerable proportion of the 
material filling up the fissures. At Falkland twenty-two hut circles had been 
destroyed in quarrying the stone within a few years, and the author suggested it 
was probable the material filling the hut circles and the oolitic fissures was of the 
same age, though at the present time he had no distinct evidence to prove such to 
be the case. Pa 
On the Geology of the Chapada Diamantina in the province of Bahia, Brazil. 
By the Rey. C. G. Niconay. 
The information which we possess as to the geology of the province of Bahia is 
scanty, but, as far as it goes, satisfactory. The engineers Halfeldt, Vivian, and 
Cato have examined respectively the Rio di Sao Francisco, the route from the 
city of Bahia to Joazeiro on the same river, and to S* Isabel de Paraguassu in 
the Chapada Diamantina; my own observations, besides those in that locality, 
ee 
