94. REPORT—1868. 
Bombay.—In the Presidency of Bombay the forest department is of old stand- 
ing. Mr. N. A. Dalzell succeeded Dy. Gibson, the first conservator, and is an ac- 
complished botanist. For some years the receipts have exceeded the expenditure 
by several lakhs, say, £30,000 annually. The demarcation of reserves in the Decean 
has been in progress, and is a most important measure. The administration of the 
forests in Sind has received the commendation of Government. The demand for 
firewood for large towns, steamboats, and railways has augmented very con- 
siderably, showing the absolute necessity of husbanding the resources, so as to 
keep up a regular and abundant supply of fuel. Acacia arabica is the tree which 
thrives best in Sind, and the timber is much prized for many purposes. 
The importance of continuing the forest surveys and of demarcating the reserved 
tracts was urged, and the want of a Flora sylvatica of India insisted upon. 
On some of the Principal Modifications of the Receptacle, and their Relation 
to the “ Insertion” of the Leaf-organs of the Flower. By AtmxaNDER 
Dickson, M.D., Regius Professor of Botany in the University of Glas- 
gow. 
The author called attention to some of the principal modifications of the recep- 
tacle affecting the “insertion” of the leaf-organs of the flower, which may be 
classed as follows :— 
A. Modifications with superior ovary. 
(a) Floral envelopes and stamens hypogynous: ex. Nuphar, &e. 
(6) Floral envelopes perigynous (?. ¢. inserted on a more or less cup-shaped 
expansion of the receptacle) ; stamens hypogynous: ex. Passiflora, &e. 
(c) Floral envelopes and stamens perigynous: ex. Prunus, &e. 
B. Modifications with inferior ovary. 
(a) Receptacle not expanded or prolonged beyond the flower; floral enve- 
lopes and stamens simply epigynous: ex. Hedera, &c. 
(6) Receptacle expanded beyond ovary as a cup or tube, bearing the floral 
envelopes and stamens, which may here be said to be peri-epigynous: ex. 
Fuchsia, Victoria, &e. 
(c) Receptacle prolonged beyond the ovary as a stalk-like process}, expanded. 
at its extremity into a small cup which bears the floral envelopes and sta- 
mens, which here may be called hyper-peri-epigynous: ex. Cireea. 
(d) Floral envelopes simply epigynous. Within these the receptacle is pro- 
longed as a stalk, bearing the stamens and the true style (here almost 
reduced to stigmatic portion) at its extremity. The stamens may be here 
called hyper-epigynous: ex. Stylidium. 
(e) Floral envelopes hypogynous ; stamens epigynous: ex. Nymphea. 
(f) Calyx hypogynous; corolla and stamens epigynous: ex. Codonopsis 
cordata. 
(g) Calyx hypogynous; corolla and stamens peri-epigynous: ex. Barclaya. 
C. Aberrant forms where the receptacle exhibits pit-like cavities or spur-like 
dilatations. Ovary superior or inferior. 
* Pits or spurs occurring between the insertion of the petals and that of the 
stamens. 
(a) One receptacular pit (posterior); posterior sepal and two posterior 
petals perigynous ; ovary superior: ex. Pelargonium. 
(b) One receptacular spur (posterior) ; posterior sepal, one-half of each 
lateral sepal and two posterior petals (or sometimes the entire floral 
envelopes) perigynous: ex. Trope@olum. 
(c) One pit in receptacular prolongation beyond the ovary; stamens 
hyper-epigynous, somewhat resembling those in Stylidiwm: ex Semet= 
andra. 
** Pits occurring between the insertion of the stamens and that of the 
carpels. 
Such a stalk is, of course, not solid in a morphological sense; but is, potentially at 
least, a tube whose cavity is continuous with that of the style.—A. D. 
