150 University of California Publications in Zoology. [V0.5 
Thomomys altivallis Rhoads. San Bernardino Gopher. 
Judging from the series of 108 skins and skulls secured, this 
was the only species of gopher occurring over the higher parts 
of the San Bernardino mountains. It appeared to be a typically 
Transition species, though its workings were seen well up into 
the Boreal zone. June 22, 1905, we trapped two specimens, 
adult male and female, at Dry lake, 9000 feet altitude, which was 
the highest station at which the species was actually taken. These 
were among the first we secured in the region, and we were struck 
by the immense size of the teeth and claws, especially as com- 
pared with those of Thomomys botte pallescens, with which 
species we had become familiar in the low coastal plains region 
of southern California. The latter species is doubtless found 
along the Pacifie foothills of the San Bernardino mountains, but 
we failed to trap at the low altitudes where we would have ex- 
pected to find it. , 
We found Thomomys altivallis common in the extensive 
meadows at the head of the south fork of the Santa Ana, 7500 
to 8500 feet altitude. Here, on June 28, I found a youngster, 
only 130 mm. long, groping about through the short grass in 
broad daylight. He was‘evidently lost and began to dig a hole 
for himself in the sod. A conspicuous feature of all these higher 
clenagas is the multitude of dirt casts of branching burrows seat- 
tered over the green sward. ‘These have evidently resulted from 
the filline in with earth of burrows through the snow in winter; 
melting leaves them exposed. A few gophers were taken along 
the upper Santa Ana, from Seven Oaks, 5000 feet altitude, to 
the mouth of Fish creek, 6500 feet. On the many cienagas around 
Bluff lake, 7500 feet altitude, gophers were plentiful and a large 
series of them were taken, many of them, July 15 to 26, being 
young-of-the-year. The ground worked in was so wet that goph- 
ers were often taken from traps completely submerged under 
water which had seeped in since they were set. 
A few were found around the margins of Bear lake; and at 
the north base of Sugarloaf, on a cienaga at about 7500 feet eleva- 
tion, they swarmed. Through the industry of Dixon, fifty-six 
specimens were secured in six days, August 19 to 24, from this 
one meadow (perhaps four acres in extent), and we felt confident 
