1908] Grinnell—Biota of the San Bernardino Mountains. 151 
there were still some left! Only a small proportion of these were 
juvenals. Our most successful trap was a No. O steel, without 
bait. Gophers are mammals eatchable at any time of day or 
night. The furthest towards the desert this species was obtamed 
was at the north margin of Baldwin lake, 6700 feet altitude, 
where I secured a pair of adults, quite like those taken elsewhere, 
August 7. 
This is a very dark-colored species of gopher. The broad 
medial dorsal stripe, from nose to rump, is sooty bistre; the sides 
are mars brown; the ears black, surrounded by a black pateh 
largest behind; the lower surface is fawn color, the hairs leaden 
at base; the lining of the cheek-pouches and the wrists are whitish. 
(This description is taken from a full-pelaged male, No. 1457.) 
Young are much paler throughout and might easily be taken for 
a separate species. 
Sixty-eight specimens selected as being apparently fully adult 
present the following measurements : 
Total length Tail vertebrae Hind foot 
( Average 245 77 34 
24 68 Greatest 267 92 37 
( Least 222, 65 30 
( Average 223, 68 30.5 
44 99 Greatest 242 83 34 
( Least 198 42 27 
Out of the entire series there are 71 females and 37 males. 
As the gophers, especially, were very carefully sexed, in every 
case either by Dixon or myself, this must be accepted as with 
all probability showing that there are about twice as many 
females born as males. The same proportion is shown in the 
young as in the adults. Perhaps the species is polygamous. 
Thomomys aureus perpes Merriam. Mojave Desert Gopher. 
The workings of gophers were hard to find on the desert slope 
of the mountains, and the three specimens obtained are all young 
ones, not full-grown, I should judge. Two of these were taken 
August 11 and 14, 1905, in the garden and meadow at Cushen- 
bury springs, 4000 feet altitude; and the third was trapped in 
