312 University of California Publications in Zoology. [Vou.5 
other words, it includes several well-marked but unnamed races 
which differ quite as much from one another and from the 
typical bird as does the latter from its nearest named and recog- 
nized allies.’’ 
The winter Savannah sparrows of southern California eyi- 
dently consist of representatives from at least two areas of 
speciation. By far the most prevalent of these, occurring on 
the Pacifie slope from San Diego northward, belong to the form 
summering throughout the vast interior of northwestern North 
America, from Bering Sea and Kotzebue Sound to the Mac- 
kenzie region. To this form I would restrict the name alawdinus 
of Bonaparte. Another form wintering in southern California, 
mostly on the desert side of the mountains, is the one that breeds 
in the arid Great Basin region of the United States. This form 
I believe should be distinguished by name. Since none of the 
several synonyms in the genus appear to me, after a careful 
inspection of the literature, to be available, it may be called: 
Passerculus sandwichensis nevadensis, new subspecies. 
Nevada Savannah Sparrow. 
Typp.—Male juvenal; no. 9280, Univ. Calif. Mus. Vert. Zool. ; 
Soldier Meadows, Humboldt County, Nevada; July 21, 1909; 
Louise Kellogg; orig. no. 293. 
My reason for selecting a juvenal for the type of a new bird 
lies in the fact that the subspecifiec characters are just as pro- 
nounced among the juvenals of the forms compared as among 
the adults. This seems to point towards an innateness of dif- 
ferential characters not in accord with the idea that nevadensis 
and other pale races of birds inhabiting arid regions are 
‘‘bleached out.’’ According to this notion the ‘“‘bleaching’’ 
process becomes more and more apparent in the life of the 
individual with successive molts. The juvenal plumage is prac- 
tically the first plumage (the real first, or natal plumage, being 
extremely scant and evanescent). 
The fact that the differential characters manifested in this 
fresh juvenal plumage are no less marked than in the plumages 
aequired later in the life of the individual would appear to 
