380 University of California Publications in Zoology. (Vou.5 
beach; but as soon as the old birds, which were always watching, 
saw any one approaching, a warning note. was uttered at which 
the young ones promptly squatted among the rocks wherever 
they happened to be, even if in the edge of the water. They 
remained perfectly quiet and blended so nicely with their sur- 
roundings that it was difficult to locate them, even when they 
had been previously seen from a distance. The old birds at- 
tacked and put to rout any gulls or ravens that approached the 
vicinity. 
The two young were secured (nos. 1156, 1157), and although 
not more than half-grown, the juvenal plumage had largely 
supplanted the natal. The down had been worn off the top of 
the head, auriculars, back, outer surface of wings, and sides of 
breast, leaving the juvenal feathers exposed. The latter plu- 
mage is like that of the adult except that the feathers of the 
dorsum and sides are tipped with narrow cinnamon-rufous bars, 
just proximal to which on each feather is a blackish bar. The 
calcareous nodule, on the tip of the upper mandible in the 
younger specimens, has disappeared, and the whole bill has 
assumed more nearly the shape of that of the adult, the tomia 
and outlines being more nearly straight. (See figs. 2-3.) 
Canachites canadensis atratus, new subspecies. 
Valdez Spruce Grouse. 
Typrs.—' adult; no. 1181, Univ. Calif. Mus. Vert. Zool.; 
Cedar Bay, Hawkins Island, Prince William Sound, Alaska; 
June 22, 1908; collected by H. Heller. 2 adult; no. 1179, Univ. 
Calf. Mus. Vert. Zool.; Canoe Passage, Hawkins Island, Prinee 
William Sound, Alaska; June 18, 1908; collected by A. M. 
Alexander. 
CuHaArACTERS.—Resembles Canachites canadensis osgoodi of 
the interior of Alaska (Yukon and Kowak valleys), but general 
tone of coloration darker: white markings less in extent; black 
areas more extended; and grays less ashy, more olivaceous. 
An analysis of the ‘‘general tone of coloration,’’ in compar- 
ison with Yukon Valley examples of C. c. osgoodi, shows the 
following characters of the new form, enumerated in detail. 
