406 University of California Publications in Zoology. (Vou. 5 
especially slenderer bill, in-larger or heavier spotting beneath 
and in a much slatier tone of coloration throughout; differs from 
P. 7. insularis in the same ways but, except in spotting, to a 
greater degree, especially in coloration, because of the warm hazel 
brown tone of the Kadiak race; differs from P. 7. meruloides 
(=P. 7%. annectens Ridgway) from the Yakutat Bay region in 
slatier, much less ruddy tone of coloration. 
GENERAL Discussion.—The type of the new form is in nearly 
complete, newly acquired plumage, and hence the coloration is 
innate, that is, unmodified by wear, fading or any other adven- 
titious circumstance. The type may be described as follows: 
Whole pileum and dorsum dark sepia, closely approaching clove 
brown; sides of head and hind-neck pervaded with slate gray; 
rump and edgings of wings and tail, Prout brown; ground-color 
below pure white, with spotting of same color as dorsum; flanks 
and lower tail coverts broadly streaked with clove brown, the 
narrow heht edgings of the crissum being faintly cream-buft. 
This is fairly representative of the thirteen other specimens in 
complete or nearly complete fall plumage. Worn breeding birds 
(g, no. 1546, Hinchinbrook Island, June 30, is selected as an 
average example) differ from the former in somewhat paler 
coloration and restriction of individual spots, both evidently due 
to wear. 
The same sort of differences between fresh fall and succeed- 
ing breeding plumage is evident in other races of Passerella of 
which relevant material is at hand. Buirds-of-the-year, that is, 
those in first winter plumage, differ from adult winter birds in 
the rustier edgings of the secondaries and rectrices. All this 
has, of course, to be taken into account in discriminating closely 
similar subspecies as those of the fox sparrow, where color char- 
acters are used. 
Juvenals of P. 7. sinuosa differ from meruloides in corre- 
sponding plumage in duller, less ruddy shades throughout, and 
from insularis in sootier, less brightly hazel browns. These dif- 
ferences are just as great as those between adults in the two 
“¢small’’ 
subspecies, and point towards an inherentness of these 
color characters incompatible with the idea that they are evan- 
escent and subject to loss or acquisition upon slight temporary 
provocation. 
