434 The Botanical Gazette. [November, es 
emalensium” has just appeared. The very complete way in which — 
Captain Smith is bringing to light this interesting flora leaves littleto 
be desired. The explorations are thorough, the notes full, the speci- 
mens abundant. The material is a pleasure to study and to receive 
into the herbarium. It is fortunate that such collectors as the mis 
sionary, Theophilus Heyde, and his grandson, Ernest Lux, can be 
called upon. In the present distribution specimens also from W. ©. 
Shannon and M. M. Macomb appear. 
A stupy of the venation of Salix has been published by Dr. N. M 
Glatfelter and distributed in advance of the fifth annual report of the 
Mo. Bot. Garden. The species considered are those of Gray's Manual, 
and the author has provided valuable supplemental aid in their deter- 
mination. Remembering how frequently leaf characters are the only 
ones obtainable in this genus, and also how important a group it 1s t0 
the paleobotanist, venation characters should be made to mre 
they can. The species are separated into three groups, (1) those w! 
secondary veins regular, (2) those with secondaries partly ine 
and (3) those with secondaries irregular. The secondaries have pots 4 
used, as the primaries are regular almost without exception. Qe 
artotype plates illustrate the paper, having been photographed gas 
leaves by tramsmitted light. For: 
“FOREST INFLUENCES” is the subject of Bulletin no. 7, - ee < 
estry Division of the U. S. Department of Agriculture. naar 
very conveniently gives a summary of conclusions in the intr 
pages,some of which are as follows: /afluence on meteorological condition’, 
perature just as any collection of inorganic obstacles ye 
wind, but as an organic being the forest may be also an indep 
source of heat; (5) the annual evaporation within 
one-half of that in the open field. /ufluence on climate of surrow” 
country, (1) can only take place by diffusion of vap owl 
(2) local air currents are induced by difference of temPé oe 
ral air currents 
on water 
soil conditions, (1) deforestation augments and necelen lle 
tion, and thus affects unfavorably the size and contin surface 
(2) snow is held longer in the forest and its melting . veal keg forest 
drainage is retarded by the uneven forest floor, (4) ‘ae pee sod of 8 
floor prevents erosion of soil better than even 
