104 BOTANICAL GAZETTE [AUGUST 
provided with a Welsbach mantle, and passed through an eight- 
-inch globe filled with a half-saturated aqueous solution of copper 
sulfate. In this connection I wish to acknowledge my obliga- 
tion to Mr. Alexander G. Ruthven and Miss Myrtilla M. Cook 
for assistance in the preparation of slides, etc. 
The young cones, about 5™™ long, are covered with what 
appear to be hairs, but upon examination these prove to be the 
ends of the filiform carpels. The ovaries are flattened laterally, 
in contrast to the adaxial flattening of the wings in Pinus. The 
carpels show numerous crystals in a stratum of cells near their 
inner surfaces, a condition quite similar to that figured by Treub 
in Casuarina suberosa. The origin of the placenta was not 
traced, but the ovules arise laterally from a central placenta near 
its base, as Treub has reported in other species. 
The two integuments arise normally (jigs. z, 2, 75) and leave 
a micropylar opening to the nucellus. About the time of their 
origin one would expect to find the archesporium. In the 
hypodermal layer at this stage there are certain cells ( fig. 3, 2) 
which may be interpreted as archesporial, but such an interpre- 
tation rests alone upon the form and size, and the relation of 
cells in that vicinity to each other later; the usual stains would 
not differentiate the cells either by darker stain or by showing 
larger nuclei. From fig. g it seems that the archesporial cells 
divide by walls parallel to the surface. Possibly this is the 
division into primary wall and primary sporogenous cells, but 
there is only the evidence of other plants, which is insufficient. 
Mitosis in the succeeding divisions of cells 6, fig. 4, showing 
presence or absence of reduction in chromosomes, would settle 
it, but no spindles were found. However, by further division of 
cells a or 6 or both, in fig. 4,a stage like fig. 5 is reached. More 
transverse walls and greater elongation result in rows of cells 
being formed (fig. 6), of which the outer ones form the wall tis- 
sue and the inner ones the sporogenous tissue. The general 
arrangement of cells in rows, and the relative position of spo- 
rogenous tissue with regard to sterile tissue in comparison with 
the same in other spermatophytes, especially in the anthers, and 
in Selaginella, lead me to surmise that cells 2 and 6 of fig. 4 give 
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