204 BOTANICAL GAZETTE [SEPTEMBER 
(3,575 ™) above sea level. The mountains between these limits 
are generally called the San Bernardino Range.* It is made up 
of the Sierra Liebre and Sierra Pelona, between Tejon and Sole- 
dad Passes; the San Gabriel Mountains, with the peaks of San 
Gabriel, 6,232" (1,900™), San Antonio, 10,120" (3,085 ™), 
and Cucamonga,” 6,500" (1,980™), between Soledad and Cajon 
Passes; and the San Bernardino Mountains proper, between 
Cajon and San Gorgonio Passes. 
North of Soledad Pass the mountains are comparatively low, 
but rugged and broken. An important cross range, the Santa 
Monica, maintaining an altitude of 2,000 to 3,000 * (600-g00™), 
stretches from San Fernando Peak, 3,793" (1,156™), to the 
Pacific Ocean at Point Duma. But south of Soledad the 
mountains become higher, towering up abruptly, from a valley 
base 500 to 1,000" (150-300™) above the sea, to a ridge line 
having an altitude of 5,000 to 6,000" (1,500-1,800™). From 
the desert they present a less lofty appearance, since on that 
side the base altitude is 3,000 to 3,500 * ( goo-1,066™). 
Grayback throws out an important spur, in the direction of 
the main range, towards the Colorado River. This may be 
known as the Chuckawalla Range, although that name is often 
restricted to its further extremity. It separates the Colorado 
and the Mojave? Deserts. 
The low San Gorgonio Pass separates Grayback from San 
Jacinto Mountain 10,805" ( 3,993™), an air-line distance of some 
twenty miles. The mountains here spread out, their course 
changes, and is less defined. But regarding the line which 
divides the watershed draining into the Pacific from that which 
drains into the desert, its direction is found to be about 10° 
‘First by Blake in Pac. R.R. Rep. 5. He also suggested the name “ Peninsular 
Range” for the mountains extending from San Jacinto into Lower California, but this 
name, although appropriate, has failed to find acceptance 
* This was a troublesome name to the early explorers. It is Quiqual wera of 
Pac. R. R. Rep. 4: 38; Quiquai-mungo 77d. 57: 80; and Kikal Mungo 7d. 7: 
31 use the spelling long current in California. While only the Spanish si 
raphy of an aboriginal name, it harmonizes with such Spanish names of the region as 
Tejon, Cajon, etc. The U.S. Board on Geographical Names has adopted the form ~ 
“Mohave,” but this should not be allowed to supersede a well- a a usage. 
The name was first printed by Fremont in 1844, who spelled it “ Mohahv 
