426 BOTANICAL GAZETTE [DECEMBER 
decurrent; margins entire; secondaries (when preserved) 
numerous, parallel, and camptodrome; primaries three, basal or 
sub-basal; the lateral primaries forking some distance above 
their base; areolation generally obsolete; the small basal sub- 
primaries of section 2 wanting. The extreme of form in 
this section approach very close to the Saportana type of leaf of 
section I. 
The species included in this section are: Aralia Ravniana Heer, Atane 
and Matawan; A. Towneri Lx., Dakota and Matawan; A. quinquepartita 
Lx., Dakota and Raritan; A concreta Lx., Dakota; A. angustiloba Lx., 
Miocene; A. Wellingtoniana Vaughanii Kn., Woodbine, Dakota; A Jorgen- 
seni Heer, Greenland Tertiary. 
SECTION 4. 
This and section 5 are residuary groups of species that 
require further study. This section includes a rather hetero- 
geneous assemblage of fan-shaped leaves which agree in having 
entire margins; pointed lobes; usually stout primaries; petiole 
(where preserved) stout; primaries basal or sub-basal; texture 
coriaceous or sub-coriaceous; secondaries camptodrome (where 
known). Medium sized or small leaves except A. Whitney, 
which is very large and seems to be the Miocene ancestor of the 
existing Tetrapanax of eastern Asia. 
The species included are: Aralia Masoni Lx., Dakota; A. Mattewa- 
nensis Berry, Matawan; A. Westoni Daws., Mill Creek; A. rotundata Daws., 
Mill Creek ; A. radiata Lx., Dakota; A. tenuinervis Lx., Dakota; A. Whit- 
neyi Lx., Miocene. 
SECTION 65. 
Rather small trilobate leaves with undulate or dentate 
margins; decurrent base; primaries three, stout, unbranched, 
sub-basal or supra-basilar; secondaries camptodrome and craspe- 
dodrome; lobes full, pointed. Includes leaves derived from the 
Vaughanii-groenlandica type and approaching the notata-digitata 
type of leaf very closely. - 
The species included are: Aralia formosa Heer, Dakota and Raritan 
(Europe); A. nassauensis Hollick, Island; A. Looziana Sap. & Marion, Fort 
Union (Europe); A. serrulata Kn., Fort Union. 
SIMPLE LEAVES OR LEAFLETS. 
The simple leaves referred to Aralia, following the precedent 
set by European paleobotanists, are four in number: 
