43° BOTANICAL GAZETTE [DECEMBER 
not roads nor bald spots (jigs. 7, 8). Distinguished by its famil- 
iar hay-meadow aspect, though with an unusual prevalence of 
couch and unusual density, luxuriance and purity of the grasses. 
The association is composed of two dominant members of 
nearly equal prominence, with several secondary and many sub- 
ordinate members, and frequent visitors. 
PHLEUM PRATENSE L. Timothy.—The most abundant, char- 
acteristic, and valuable plant of the reclaimed marsh, and the 
dominant member of the Phleumetum. It is confined to well- 
drained and salt-free places, but takes possession wherever these 
conditions are found, hence on the highest and oldest marsh, 
along ditch ridges and to some extent on dikes, particularly 
those not exposed to the dash of the sea, and reaching its greatest 
perfection on the banks of aboideaued creeks. In the reclama- 
tion of marsh it is the last of the natural sequence of forms and 
apparently can maintain itself indefinitely as long as the drain- 
age is kept up. It is killed immediately by salt water. 
A familiar vegetation-form, typical of the grasses. Its root- 
hairs are plasmolyzed by 30 per cent. or less of salt water. Not 
native; introduced from Europe. 
AGROPYRUM REPENS Beauv. Couch.—Second to the preceding 
in abundance and luxuriance on the reclaimed marsh, and in 
places even exceeding and replacing it. lt forms here a highly 
valued hay, little inferior to timothy. It extends also upon the 
dikes and is the characteristic dike-top grass, especially on the 
dikes exposed to occasional wash from the sea, including the 
old abandoned dikes on the salt marsh. It also tends to come 
in upon the highest parts of the Staticetum. 
Vegetation-form very like timothy, but able to stand salter, 
though not wetter places than the latter. Its root-hairs endure 
30 per cent. pure salt water without plasmolysis. A native plant, 
found also in Europe; doubtless the form on these marshes 1S 
introduced with the timothy from Europe. 
AGrostTis ALBA L. Browntop. (Includes also A. vulgaris, not 
now considered distinct.)— Distinctly third in importance of the 
forms of the reclaimed marsh, occurring intermixed with the _— 
dominant forms, but tending to occupy especially the margins 
