298 Mr. Henry B. Brady on 
extremely rare. It was obtained off Holy Island in 20 to 25 
fathoms water, and has been found (fossil) in the Crag of 
olk. A single specimen from the estuary of the Ribble 
completes the record of its distribution. 
Orbulina universa, D'Orbigny. 
Orbulina universa, D'Orbigny (1839), Foram. Cuba, p. 3. no. 1, pl. 1. fig. 1. 
A variable species in external characters. Specimens from 
a greater depth than 50 fathoms are white or greyish yellow, 
often hyaline, and usually entirely calcareous. Sometimes, 
though rarely, they are rough externally, and bear a super- 
ficial resemblance to the finely arenaceous es. Those 
spherical tests have been found which almost certainly repre- 
sent the same type modified still further by the deteriorating 
influence of shallow water and the deficiency of earthy salts. 
Globigerina bulloides, D’Orbigny. 
Globigerina bulloides, D’Orbigny (1826), Ann. Sci. Nat. vol. vii. p. 277. 
no. 1, Modéles nos. 17 and 76. 
Like Orbulina universa, this is essentially a deep-water 
species. When first met with in brackish river-pools three 
or four miles inland, its occurrence was regarded as accidental 
and an explanation was sought in accordance with this view ; 
but as other localities of similar nature were investigated, spe- 
cimens, few in number and smallin size, but to all appearance 
living, showed themselves amongst other living microzoa in 
distriets widely apart, rendering it impossible to avoid the 
conclusion that Globigerina bulloides can accommodate itself 
not only to very shallow water, but to very different condi- 
tions, as to specific gravity and proportion of saline matter, 
from those which exist in its normal habitat*. 
mooted 
exclusively pelagic in habit. Major Owen’s researches show clearly that 
it is an important constituent in the surface-fauna of the mid-ocean; but 
