Notes and Comments. 147 
Why would not ‘ Vol. XVI. part 3, Dec. 1910’ and ‘ Vol. XVI., 
part 4, Feb. 1911’ respectively, answer the purpose? These 
complicated references do not simplify matters, are confusing 
to bibliographers, are lengthy and inconvenient to quote, and 
are likely to cause error in copying. 
MR. WM. CASH, F.G.S. 
We are delighted to learn that Mr. Wm. Cash of Halifax, 
a contributor to this journal, and one of the original members 
and prominent workers of the Yorkshire Naturalists’ Union, 
has received two grants of annuities, one from the Treasury, 
and one from the Scottish Murdock Fund. We hope he may 
long be spared to enjoy them. 
SCANDINAVIAN BOULDERS IN DENMARK 
A memoir of particular interest to glacial geologists has 
recently been published by the Geological Survey of Denmark, 
entitled ‘Scandinavian Indicator-Boulders in the Quaternary 
Deposits, Extension and Distribution,’ by Mr. V. Milthers. 
By ‘Indicator-boulders ’ are meant the stones in the Quater- 
nary layers, the characteristics of which are so peculiar and 
distinct that it can be determined exactly from what spot or 
rather limited area of the region once covered by the ice they 
came. Knowledge of the fact that loose stones were to be 
found outside Scandinavia, which bore a resemblance to the 
permanent rocks of Scandinavia, had already been obtained 
long before any clear conception could be formed of the signifi- 
cence of the resemblance. It was only gradually, as the theory 
of the Scandinavian inland ice advanced, that a clear under- 
standing on the matter was arrived at. The origin and 
nature of the boulders are dealt with in the following order :— 
(x) Boulders from the Christiania district ; (2) Boulders from 
Dalarne ; (3) Boulders from Scania ; (4) Boulders from Eastern 
Smaland; (5) Boulders from the North Baltic district. 
AND OTHER PLACES. 
The author then proceeds to describe the very wide area 
over which the ‘ Indicator-boulders’ are distributed, including 
Denmark, North-west Germany, North-east Germany, and 
Poland, parts of Russia, the Netherlands and the East coast 
of England; and by means of four coloured maps he shows 
how certain lines of distribution can be traced and a chrono- 
logical order established, which throws much light on the 
position and direction of movement of the ice streams respon- 
sible for the presence of the boulders in the area. 
Though Dr. Milthers has not visited the glacial deposits 
on this side of the water, the short chapter devoted to the East 
coast of England is full of interest, and it is very satisfactory 
to note that he has, in this connection, made full use of the 
191 I April 1. 
