228 Sheppard: Extinct Animals of East Yorkshire. 
Elk, Reindeer, Red Deer, Bison (Bb. priscus) Bos primigenius, 
Ox, Rhinoceros (R. leptorhinus) and Walrus. Occasionally 
some of the bones show teeth marks, possibly of the hyaena. 
Sometimes the bones are quite angular ; at others they are 
so much water-worn as to resemble pebbles, and identifica- 
tion is impossible. 
The Boulder Clay proper has yielded tusks and teeth of 
the mammoth, some of which have been of very large size. 
The fact that they are frequently glacially striated indicates 
that they may have been brought a considerable distance. 
From the enormous number of mammoth teeth which have 
been found on the Holderness coast, it is pretty clear that 
this great woolly elephant must formerly have been a fairly 
frequent visitor to this district. 
The Boulder Clay fauna is not so varied as that of the 
glacial gravels, and, in addition to the mammoth, seems to be 
confined to Rhinoceros (Kk. tichorhinus), and the straight- 
tusked elephant (Elephas .antiqguus). The former record is 
based upon a single tooth which I found at Dimlington a 
‘little while ago, and the latter species is represented by a 
molar found at Withernsea, recently identified in our 
collection at Hull by Professor W. Boyd Dawkins. Both 
have been recently described in “ The Naturalist.” 
Another mammaliferous deposit occurs at Elloughton, 
near Brough, on the top of a hill about one hundred feet in 
height, at a short distance from the Humber. This hill 
is capped by two beds of gravel, an upper one of local 
origin, and a lower one, containing many West Riding 
boulders. It is in the lower gravel that the animal remains 
occur. It was first described by Mr. Lamplugh in the 
Yorkshire Geological Society’s Proceedings, and afterwards, 
as a result of further excavations and discoveries, in the 
same Society’s publication by the present writer. 
Mr Lamplugh described an elephant’s tusk in the gravel, 
which was ten feet in length, but it was not possible to move 
it. More recently a fairly large quantity of bones and 
teeth have been obtained, and many of these, through the 
kindness of the owners, I was able to dig out myself.* In 
addition to the teeth, horns and tusks, such unexpected 
items as an elephant’s vertebra, and other bones not 
usually met with, have been obtained, probably owing their 
preservation to the bed of Oolitic mud in which they often. 
occur. The Elloughton lst includes Mammoth, straight- 
tusked Elephant, Red Deer, Bison, Ox and Horse. 
Another interesting deposit occurs at Bielbecks, near 
Market Weighton. This was first discovered nearly a 
*) See Proc, Yorks Geols Socs,.1896, pps 22t-2o 
Naturalist, 
