Breeding experiments which show that hybridisation and mutation etc. 265 



The first plant in the above table is interesting as being obviously 

 teratological. The plant was very tall and stout, its leaves very long, 

 somewhat crinkled and broad at base (hence resembling rubricalyx), 

 buds R: The anthers were nearly empty of pollen, and the capsules 

 relatively long and slender. But the most striking feature was that 

 every leaf axil bore two buds, one small and aborti\'e, the other large 

 and well developed. The abortive bud lay in each case in the angle 

 between the large flower and the leaf. The prominent petiole of the 

 latter was continued as a ridge down the stem, which was thus deeply 

 grooved. This plant resembles in some features one described elsewhere 

 (Gates 1913 a, p. 30) in a culture of rubricalyx. 



The third and fourth plants in the table had sickle-shaped leaves 

 similar to those described elsewhere (Gates 1913 a, p. 25, fig. 12), 

 and they are quite probably pathological. 



Two plants (No. 53. IL 7 and 62. L 7) combined the grandiflora 

 type of foliage wath that of the de Vriesian mutant semilata. Two 

 branches from the first plant are reproduced in fig. 25 and show clearly 

 the character of the foliage. The leaves were light green, slightly 

 crinkled, rather broadly elliptical, the buds rather stout but without 

 long hairs, the anthers producing pollen. These plants were wholly 

 unlike" any others in the hybrid series, and obviously resembled the 

 semilata mutant from Lamarckiana, combining with it, however, certain 

 grandiflora features. Their chromosomes have not been examined, 

 but they probably contained 15 instead of 14 (vide infra). 



Plant no. 67. IL 6 was strikingly aberrant, as shown by fig. 24. 

 Its early rosette leaves were normal in appearance; then it suddenly 

 changed its development, producing very narrowly linear, fleshy leaves, 

 speckled with yellow and not quite healthy in appearance. But it grew 

 vigoroush' and at the end of the season began to form normal buds. 



In addition to the plants mentioned in table IX, four other more 

 or less aberrant individuals occurred in these hybrids, including a 

 plant in which one flower was not only heptamerous (7 sepals, 7 petals, 

 14 stamens, 10 stigma lobes) but possessed a short style (like biennis) 

 so that the anthers touched the base of the stigma. Taken all together, 

 these cases show that there is no sharp line between variations, muta- 

 tions and teratological malformations. 



Lata rubricalyx: — • The most interesting of the mutations in these 

 hybrid cultures combined the foliage of the de Vriesian mutant lata 

 with the pigmentation of rubricalyx. Two of these plants (Nos. I. 13 

 and I. 20) occurred in Cult. 60 (rubricalyx x grandiflora, F.,) but the 



