Bd. IV: 5) ANTARCTIC AND SUBANTAKCTIC CORALLINACE^. 3 



the Said region. Some species, however. appear to be nearly connected with each 

 other. Tlius, in "Die Lithothamnien der Gauss-Expedition" in mentioning the cal- 

 careous alga; of the Kerguelen, I stated that Litlioph. consociatutn very nearly ap- 

 proaches the western Lithoph. discoideum, or, as I will point out below, particularly 

 Litlioph. a-qnabile. It is, however, as yet difficult to State how near this relation 

 actually is. The same is the case of Lithophyllinn pmguiense, the form from the 

 St. Paul Island mentioned below under Litlioph. decipiens. Moreover, I have earlier 

 held that Litlioth. fuegianuin was only a form of Litlioth. kergueleniim. In the sur- 

 vey mentioned of the calcareous algae of the Kerguelen, I have, however, pointed 

 out that L. kergueleniiiii, of which only a fragmentary specimen is known, is pro- 

 bably closely connected with IJtlioth. neglectuiii, the species commonly occurring 

 on the coasts of Kerguelen. and from the larger material of L. fuegianuin, now in 

 hand, I must suppose that it is in fact more closely connected with other Atlantic 

 species than with L. kerguelciiimi The said L. neglectum is akin to the South 

 African L. syiianablastum and through this one to species in the western subant- 

 arctic region. (3n the other hand, LMlioth. granulifermn, which occurs in the area 

 last mentioned, seems to be most nearly approaching the South-Australian Lithoth. 

 futnigatiaii. 



Thus there are several circumstances suggesting that by a more thorough know- 

 ledge of the occurrence of the calcareous alga; in the antarctic and subantarctic 

 regions, it will turn out that there is perhaps a nearer connection between the 

 western and eastern parts of these regions than it appears from the material hitherto 

 known. The same will perhaps prove to be the case also with adjoining parts of 

 warmer southern areas. 



Lithothamnion Phil. (Fosl. emend.). 

 I. Lithothamnion antarcticum (Hook. f. et Harv.) F'osl. 



New or crit. calc. Alg. (1900). p. 13; Melobesia antarctica Hook. f. et Harv. Fl. 

 .■\ntarct. 2 (1845), p. 482; Har\ . Ner. .\ustr. (1847), p. iii; Aresch. in J. Ag. Spec. Alg. 

 II (1852), p. 514; Melobesia verrucata var. antarctica Hook. Crypt. Antarct. (1847), p. 

 176; Kütz. Spec. Alg. (1849), p. 696; Lithothamnion lichenoides f. (?) antarctica Fosl. List 

 of Lithoth. (1898), y. 7; Calc. Alg. Fuegia (1900), p. 70: De Toni, Syll. Alg. IV (1905), 

 p. 1752; Lithothamnion antarcticum Fosl., Heydr. Lithoth. Mus. Paris (1901), p. 544. 



I used to have a doubt whether this alga and L. Pateiia were to be considered 

 as independent species, the former one showing transition to the latter. HarVEY in 

 Nereis austr. 1. c. speaks to the same effect and declares it to be -'perhaps a variety 



