Index 



Scripps Institution, attitude toward 

 marine biology, xi ; character of 

 research investigation at, i-iii; 

 use of quantitative biologic meth- 

 ods, xix, XX, 28-32; frequency 

 method, xx, abundance method, 

 XX, correlation of, xxi ; historical 

 resume, 5-9, boats, 6, 7; region to 

 be surveyed, 7, map showing, opp. 

 7 ; recording of data, 17. 



Sea-water, analysis, 26-28; composi- 

 tion, 26; salinity, methods of 

 measurement, 27-32, constant pro- 

 portion of salts, 41, conclusions 

 regarding, -11, 42; direct method 

 of measuring specific gravity, 42 ; 

 gaseous content, 125. See also 

 Salinity ; Upwelling. 



Serial closing apparatus, 209 ; advan- 

 tages, 209, 211; disadvantages, 

 211; operation, illustrated, 210, 

 described, 211. 



Sextant method of determining lati- 

 tude and longitude, 18. 



Sinker method of determining salin- 

 ity, 32; apparatus used, 34, illus- 

 trated, 35; calibration formula, 

 34 ; error in specific gravity, 36 ; 

 method compared with other 

 methods, 37, 38. 



Skilling, W. T., acknowledgment, 4. 



Solar radiation, absorption of, 378. 



Specific gravity, relation to salinity, 

 28 ; data relative to ocean, 49- 

 111, 220-240. 



Summary and Interpretation of the 

 Hydrographic Obsefvatons made 

 by the Scripps Institution for 

 Biological Research of the Uni- 

 versity of California, 1908-1915, 

 255. 



Temperature, methods of measure- 

 ment, 13-17; surface, 267, 271, 

 330, 332, 346; correspondence of 

 significant differences to time and 



space, 269-270 ; mean annual 

 values, 270, 348; reversal of, 272; 

 serial curves, figures of, opp. 334, 

 336, 338, 342, 344. 

 Data relative to ocean, 49-111, 220- 



240. 

 Distribution, near Coronado Islands, 

 263; effect of upwelling, 260, 

 262; correlation between areas of 

 cold water and depth, 260, 261; 

 effect of distance from coast, 265 ; 

 plates showing, opp. 326; plates 

 showing relation to depth, opp. 

 348, 352. 

 Variation, periodic, 267-271 ; in 

 surface temperature, 267, 271, 

 illustrated opp. 330, 332, 346; 

 seasonal, 368; diurnal, 271. 

 See also Hydrographic records; 

 Oceanic circulation; Solar radia- 

 tion ; Thermocline ; Upwelling. 



Thermocline, definition, 272 ; position, 

 272. 



Thermometer, Richter, description, 15. 



Thompson sounding machine, 9, 126. 



Titrimetrie method, Mohr 's, of deter- 

 mining salinity, 32 ; errors in 

 specific gravity, 32 ; compared 

 with other methods, 37, 38-40. 



Topography of ocean bottom, 247. 



Tritation method. See Titrimetrie 

 method. 



Upwelling, effect of, on temperature, 

 260," 265, 276; on salinitv, 262, 

 276, 



Water. See Sea-water. 



Water bottles, Kofoid, 11, 14, 212, 

 214; Ekman reversing, 12. 



Water samples, collecting of, 13-17; 

 surface samples, 13 ; method of 

 recording, 17-18; errors due to 

 preservation of, 25. 



Woods Hole Marine Biological Lab- 

 oratory, character of investiga- 

 tions at, V, viii. 



Page 91, opp. number 2610. 

 Page 102, opp. number 3322. 

 Page 163, opp. number 1823. 

 Page 227, opp. number 4259. 

 Page 240, opp. number 5015. 



EEEATA 

 For 93, read 39,. 

 For 3:33 P.M. read 

 For P.M. read a.m. 

 For 60,.;, read 61, .5, 

 For Oi, read 40,. 



CORRECTION 



The term "light intensity" (page 279, line 8) is only applicable to the inter- 

 val between sunrise and sunset. For the remainder of the twenty-four hour period 

 the general term radiation should be used. I am indebted to Dr. E. A. Birge of 

 the University of Wisconsin for calling my attention to this error. 



Also the estimate of the coefficient of absorption from temperature data is less 

 than the actual value. A detailed discussion of this matter is given in my paper 

 on Ocean Temperatures, their Relation to Solar Badiatioti and Oceanic Circula- 

 tion, to be published as one of the volumes of the semicentennial series of the- 

 University of California. George F. McEwen. 



[360] 



