90 THE AMERICAN MIDLAND NATURALIST 



where snow is less abundant than at Notre Dame, Indiana, the 

 Tree Sparrow is fairly plentiful in winter. 



The Chicadee, in winter, is certainly an enigma to the writer. 

 The first and the last season there was comparative regularity; 

 but note the second — 60 records, and the third — 5 records. The 

 total for the four seasons was 107. This species is more common 

 here in winter than in any other season except autumn. But I 

 cannot account for the smallest record, in the second winter. 

 Like the other wood species that get their food from the bark of trees, 

 the Chickadee wanders about from grove to grove; but even this 

 habit would seem to fail to explain the great disparity between 

 the second and the third season. 



The Brown Creeper ranks among the most irregular winter 

 species. The records of the first and the third year are not irregu- 

 lar, but 40 for the second season, and 3 for the fourth, equals the 

 disparity just noted in the case of the Chickadee. And to extend the 

 comparison between these two species, the year of the Creeper's 

 highest record was the Chickadee's lowest. And as nearly all the 

 records of the winter species, during the last severe season, were 

 the smallest, it is likely that the Creeper's appearance only on three 

 days was due to cold weather. 



The Song Sparrow has, during the four years that we are 

 studying, established itself as a fairly common winter species. 

 Only during the last season was the bird very rare, with five 

 records. The total for the other three winters was 40 records. 



The Bronzed Grackle was quite irregular during the four 

 winters. For the first and the fourth season, the species had a 

 total of only 8 records; in the second, none at all; and in the third, 

 there were 15 records. The total for all the seasons was 23 records. 

 But a single individual was observed at any time during the three 

 winters this grackle was found, and, doubtless, this one bird must 

 have remained on account of some peculiar condition. 



The species whose total number of records any winter did not 

 exceed ten, I have classed as rare. These are the Goldfinch, Screech 

 Owl, Hairy Woodpecker, Meadowlark, Cardinal, Vesper Sparrow ; 

 Pine Grosbeak, Robin, Bluebird, Killdeer, Herring Gull, Sparrow 

 Hawk, Golden-crowned Kinglet, Snowflake, Canada Goose, 

 Tufted Titmouse. The Goldfinch had a total of 28 records for the 

 four seasons; the Robin 17; the Herring Gull, X; the Screech 

 Owl and Bluebird, 7; the Snowflake, 13; the Cardinal, 6; the 





