I50 THE AMERICAN MIDLAND NATURALIST 



The type, a cast of the medullary cavity, has become broken 

 into 3 pieces, which when joined give evidence of this species 

 striking peculiarity the great length of the internodes. The ribs, 

 in greater number run straight into the branch scar, with apparently 

 no great tendency to converge. No trace of a bark is present. 

 This form is respectfully dedicated to T. C. Pettermann, Professor 

 of Biology, University of Pittsburgh. 



PI. I. 



Fig. 1. Calamites cruciatus Harrisoni, n. sp. x 1. 



Fig. 2. The same, a branch scar x 2 1-2 



PI. II. 

 Fig. 1. Calamites multifoliatus n. sp. x 1. 

 Fig. 2. The same, x 2 leaves and ribs slightly magnified 

 to show their arrangement. 

 PI. III. 

 Fig. 1. Calamites Fettermanni n. sp. x 7-1 1 

 Fig. 2. The same, a branch scar x 3 



Central High School, 

 St. Louis, Mo. 



OUR WINTER BIRDS. 



BY BROTHER ALPHONSUS, C. S. C. 



(CONCLUSION.) 



Red-Headed Woodpecker 



Melanerpes erythrocephalus 

 This woodpecker is not a regular winter species, and was 

 found by the writer for two seasons — 1913-1914 and 1914-1915 — 

 in twelve years of observation. Manuals of ornithology state that 

 the abundance of food suitable for this species will cause it to stay 

 during the winter. But if that be true, why was this food not found 

 but twice in twelve winters, although these were both consecutive 

 seasons? I cannot believe that such was the case, and therefore 

 I do not think that the problem of the birds' presence can be solved 

 by the food question. Of course the species was not present in 

 large numbers, never more than a few individuals were seen ; and 

 this fact might point to a solution of the problem. Individuals 

 of other species; such as, the Meadowlark, Robin, Bronzed Grackle, 

 may be seen by careful observers in winter; and if this is so, why 



