139 
Family CARCHARIID. 
GaALEus, Rafinesque, 1810. 
Galeus australis Macleay. 
TOPE. 
Plate XV. 
Galeus australis Macleay, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.W., vi, 1881, p. 354. 
Galeorhinus australis Hutton, Index Faune N.Z., 1904, p. 54. 
Stations 3, 14, 63, 72, 80, 88, 91, .95. 
Length of head 5:3, of tail 4°3, in the total length ; width of head, 
1:55; interorbital space, 2:3, equals length of snout and width of 
mouth ; pectoral fin, 1-4 in the length of the head; eye, 2:7 in the 
interorbital space. 
Head much depressed. Snout, viewed from above, acute with 
the tip rounded, pointed in profile; eye elongate, lateral, nictitating 
membrane wholly covers the eye when lifted ; the mouth forms nearly 
a half-circle, rami of mandible slightly flattened. A large labial fold 
on the upper and a smaller one on the lower jaw, teeth alike in both 
jaws, very oblique, the front edge straight and smooth, the hinder one 
notched, with strong serrations on the lower hmb. Nostrils close to 
but just below the lateral margin, nearer the mouth than tip of snout. 
Spiracle a small horizontal fissure on a level with the middle of the 
eye, but half a diameter behind it. Gull-openings subequal in size, 
the fourth in line with the anterior edge of the pectoral. 
' Body elongate, slightly compressed in front, rounded on caudal 
portion. Shagreen very fine. 
First dorsal large, a little nearer the end of the snout than ie 
second dorsal, which is small, its origin and termination being in 
advance of respective positions of anal. Anal shghtly smaller than the 
second dorsal, its origin nearer to the caudal than to the posterior 
insertion of the ventrals. Pectorals large, reaching to beneath middle 
of first dorsal base, origin of ventrals nearer to second than to origin 
of first dorsal. Caudal but little bent upwards; the base of the 
lower lobe very little longer than the terminal portion. Peduncle 
without pits, deeper than broad, its length above 2:4 in that of the 
caudal. 
Colour, bluish grey above and white beneath. 
Length of specimen described, 940mm. The largest taken 
measured 1,670 mm. (= 53 ft.). 
This shark was taken on eight occasions, at depths ranging from 
13 to 105 fathoms, and up to the extreme limits of the course. One 
example was caught in a set-net at the Chatham Islands. All the 
adult females were found to contain well-developed young in large 
numbers, each in a separate thin membranous envelope within the 
uteri. One example contained thirty-four young, seventeen in each 
uterus. They measure 230 mm. in length, and differ from the adults 
