ON THE ETHNOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. 



471 



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According to my calculations, the ' habitants ' did not exceed 600 in 

 1650, besides 40 Jesuits, 40 Jesuits' servants, and 20 other Frenchmen. 



The population in 1653 appears to have been distributed in threo 

 groups : Quebec, 400 ; Three Rivers, 175 ; Montreal, 100 ; total, 675. 



We must add the usual contingent of French traders, which was very 

 small at that time on account of the war of the Iroquois. 



It is mentioned in letters dated from Canada, 1661-63, that the entire 

 population (inhabitants, Jesuits, and others) did not exceed 2,500. This 

 embraces the large immigrations of 1662, 1663, which mark a new de- 

 parture in the whole affairs of Canada. 



The reader is referred to the statement in the last Report, covering the 

 period of 1608-1645, with regard to the origin of the 122 men who first 

 settled in the colony. I will now show the origin of 475 more during 

 1646-166G. These are men who came from France, were already married 

 or married in Canada, and founded families in the colony : — 



Nnrth-vxst nf i^ra)ic^.— Bretagne, 20 ; Maine, 22 ; Normandie, 136 ; 

 Picardie, 10 ; Ile-de-France, 25 ; Touraine, 8 ; Anjou, IS ; total, 239. 



Sonth-ivest of France.— 7o\to\\, 60 ; Rochelle, 138 ; Bordeaux, 



total 2 1 2. 



East o/ France.— Champagne, 6 ; Nivernais, 2 ; Berry, 3 ; Dauphine, 

 4 ; Auvergne, 5 ; Lyonnais, 4 ; total, 24. 



During the same period, 1646-1666, I lind 100 marriages without any 

 mention of the origin of the contracting parties ; but we may safely infer, 

 from the synopsis just given, that they must be added to the 475 whose 

 origins are known, and distributed according to the relative proportions 

 of that statistic. 



Therefore from 1608 to 1666 we have examined 697 men who came 

 from France with their wives, or marrying once settled in the colony. 



Until about 1645 the greatest number of them came from the north of 

 river Loire ; after that the south-western provinces gradually balanced 

 the emigration from the north — 



1646-1666. North of Loire, 231 ; south of Loire, 220. 



Immigrants from Touraine, Poitou, Rochelle, Aunis, Saintonge, An- 

 goumois, Bordeaux, found their way to Canada after 1650, so that the 

 Normandy influence was absolute until about 1660, when Poitou and 

 Rochelle came in for a large share. 



The first official census was taken in 1666, and considered imperfect at 

 that time. It gives 3,215 souls for all the New France. 



The census (nominal) of 1667 says 3,918 souls. These last figures 

 represent the 697 heads of families above mentioned. The following 

 statement is a resume of that valuable document : — 



Families, 668 ; males, 2,406 ; females, 1,512 ; married (625), 1,250 ] 

 widowers, 20 ; widows, 26 ; boys, 1,762 ; girls, 860. 



