334 PROCESS OF MAKING 



but will be apparent and predominate, in fpite of every 

 art. In Cajliemire they feldom ufe fandal to adulterate 

 the attar ; but I have been informed, to increafe 'the 

 quantity, they diftil with the rofes a fweet-fcented grafs, 

 which does not communicate any unpleafant fcent, and 

 gives the attar a high clear green colour. This effence 

 alfo does not congeal in a flight cold, as that of rofes. 



Many other ways of adulteration have been practifed, 

 but all fo grofs and palpable, that I mall fay nothing of 

 them. 



The quantity of eflential oil to be obtained from the 

 rofes is very precarious and uncertain, as it depends not 

 only on the {kail of the difliller, but alfo on the quality 

 of the rofes, and the favourablenefs of the feafon. Even 

 in Europe, where the chemifts are fo perfect in their 

 bufinefs, fome, as Tachenius, obtained only half an ounce 

 of oil from one hundred pounds of rofes. Hamberg 

 obtained one ounce from the fame quantity ; and Hoff- 

 man above two ounces. (N. B. The rofes in thofe in- 

 ftances were ftripped of their calyxes, and only the 

 leaves ufed.) In this country nothing like either can 

 be had; and to obtain four ma/lias (about one drachm 

 and a hall) from eighty pounds, which, deducting the 

 calyxes, comes to fomething lefsthan three drachms per 

 hundred pounds of rofe-leaves, the feafon mull be very 

 favourable, and the operation carefully performed. 



In the prefentyear, 1787, I had only fixteen tolaks of 

 attar from fifty-four maunds, twenty-three feers, of 

 rofes, produced from a field of thirty-three biggahs, or 

 eleven Englijh acres; which comes to about two 

 drachms per 100 pounds. The colour of the attar of 

 rofes is no criterion of its goodnefs, quality, or country. 

 I have had, this year, attar of a fine emerald green, of 

 a bright yellow, and of a reddifh hue, from the fame 

 ground, and obtained by the fame procefs 3 only of 

 rofes collected on different days. 



The 



