ON NATURAL HISTORY AND ETHNOGRAPHY OF MALAY PENINSULA. 415 



especial interest, since it appears to be the first time that any systematic 

 observations have been made on the Malays of the east coast of the 

 Malay Peninsula. 



As far as I have ascertained at present, about forty-four natives in 

 all were measured. Of these about thirty were East Coast Malays, and 

 the remainder (with the exception of one wavy-haired Sakai woman) were 

 aboriginal jungle-dwellers, with the dark skin and frizzly hair of the 

 Negrito type. 



Upwards of twenty measurements were taken in the case of each 

 individual, and a number of observations were made with reference to 

 the colour and condition of skin, hair, and eyes, as well as various par- 

 ticulars bearing on the life of the individual measured. 



The full measurements have not yet been thoroughly worked out, but 

 the records of height appear to be thoroughly consistent in indicating the 

 presence of two quite different standards of racial stature : («) a high one, 

 (b) a low one. 



(a) From 159-166 C. ; (b) from 151-156 C. 



This largely confirms what has been written about the people of the 

 East Coast States by Mr. Hugh Clifford and others ; indeed, the differ- 

 ence of type is so marked that it could hardly fail to strike the ordinary 

 observer. 



The men belonging to the first type — 



(a) Are tall, fleshy, raw-boned, and bulkily made men, somewhat 

 resembling the Maori in general build. 



Those belonging to the second type — 



(6) Are short, with spare frame and comparatively slender lower 

 limbs — as different as a polo pony from a plough-horse. 



The taller type largely predominates in the East Coast States of 

 Patani, Kelantan, and Trengganu, the centre of its racial focus lying in 

 the most central of the three States referred, i.e., in the State of 

 Kelantan. 



Notes on 



II. Ethnography. , 



An examination of the ethnographical specimens has served to 

 emphasise the importance of the area traversed, as one of the most vital 

 of the connecting links between Asiatic civilisation and savagery. An 

 interesting point is that this offshoot of the Mongolian race has adopted 

 a culture which appears to be almost fundamentally Indian. 



Another point to which perhaps justice has hardly been done consists 

 in the immense value to Great Britain of her Malayan dependencies, the 

 volume of whose trade (not including Borneo and Sarawak) amounted in 

 the year 1900 to 51,900,000^.,^ a figure which only falls short by a few 

 millions of the great import and export trade of Canada, which in the 

 same year amounted to 64,000,000/.^ Most of this trade is certainly 

 made by the Chinese ; but even apart from the commercial question, and 

 on merely general grounds, I think it is now being recognised that the 

 work of understanding our native fellow-subjects possesses a high 

 practical value, not only for science, but for government and trade, a 



' Reckoning the dollar at 2^'. ^ Reckoning the dollar at 4.<!. 



