TRANSACTIONS OF SECTION C. 645 



the darker tints of colour for the places where the rock is actually to be seen. 

 Other details are described in the paper. 



I should arrange strata and igneous masses in much fewer groups than these 

 represented on geological maps, and retain the system of colours on these maps 

 in so far as they prove ordinarily suggestive of the rocka referred to, viz. — 



Limestone (Chalk, &c.) ..,.,, Blue. 



Sandstone and Shale Slate colour. 



Grits and Slate ., ,. 



Quartzite and Schist „ ,, 



Coal Measures , Dark grey. 



Basic Rocks Burnt carmine. 



Acid Rocks Carmine. 



Peat Bogs Sepia. 



Gravelly and Coarse Pebbly Alluvial deposits . Burnt sienna. 



Loamy and Peaty Alluvium Green. 



Such a system would tend to meet the strong prejudice existing in farmers' 

 minds against geological technicalities, while keeping the essential points of 

 information concerning soils in the forefront. 



The addition of contour lines, even if only approximately drawn from the 

 levels given on the Ordnance maps, would be a valuable addition to these indus- 

 trial maps in consideration of difference of climatic conditions attendant upon 

 differences of elevation. 



G. Plants and Coleopterafrom a Deposit of Pleisiocene Age at Wolvercote, 

 Oxfordshire. Bxj A. M. Bell, M.A., F.G.S. 



Plant remauis of Pleistocene time are of great rarity in England. The two 

 most important series which have been described are from Hoxne, in Suffolk, ob- 

 tained by Mr. Clement Reid, F.R.S., and Mr. H. N. Ptidley (' Geol. Mag.,' 1888, 

 p. 441), and from North London by Mr. Worthington G. Smith. 



There is in these remains a singular difference. Of twenty-eight plants obtained 

 at Hoxne three are arctic (Salix polaris, S. myrsinites, Betula nana) ; seventeen 

 range to the Arctic Circle. 



At Stoke Newington, on the contrary, Mr. W. J. Smith obtained the elm, the 

 chestnut, clematis, and perhaps the vine. Only three out of eleven plants reach 

 the Arctic Circle, The pine, the alder, birch, and yew, with the royal fern, were 

 more in harmony with the present and the past floras. 



In the author's opinion the Stoke Newington flora represents a much later age of 

 Pleistocene time than the Hoxne flora. The conditions were continental, and the 

 flora of the south was gaining, while the arctic flora was disappearing. 



The plants as yet identified, by the kindness of Mr. Clement Reid, from 

 Wolvercote resemble thos(; found at Stoke Newington more than those of Hoxne, 

 This is in harmony with the writer's view that the Wolvercote deposit is of late 

 Pleistocene age, nearer to the Stoke Newington than to the Hoxne deposit. 



Eighteen plants obtained by the author are given. All of them are found 

 in Oxfordshire to-day. Eight only have an extension to the Arctic Circle. Four 

 mosses have been obtained, one of which is certainly recent. A considerable 

 number of the wing-cases of beetles have also been found. These are difficult 

 to identify, but the genus of one, remarkable by its rows of hairs, has been 

 named by Mr. "Waterhouse, of the Natural History Department of the British 

 Museum. Only one of the genus now is found in England, and that is diflerent 

 from the Wolvercote species. On the other hand the genus is common on the 

 Continent. 



These facts, coupled with those from Stoke Newington, tend to the conclusion 

 that in late Pleistocene time the climate of the Thames Valley was more conti- 

 bental than it is at present. 



1901, u u 



