TIUNSACTIONS OF SECTION' H. 791 



and pottery were generally found in a layer about thirty inches below the surface, 

 and about the same height above causeway and gravelled surfaces, thus indicaticg 

 two occupations. (3) From traces of wooden piles systematically placed in rows 

 it was inferred that the structures within the main rampart had been made of 

 wood, and had been laid out on a ground plan similar to that found in other 

 camps. (4) About seventy doubly conical pellets of burnt clay, supposed to have 

 been made red-hot and thrown into the lamp to set fire to the buildings, were 

 collected throughout the site, (5) The relics were on the whole similar to those 

 found on other Roman sites, but the fragments of sculptured or inscribed atones 

 were few and unimportant, and the bulk of the pottery consisted of pieces of large 

 vessels used for kitchen service, fragments of the liner vessels being decidedly 

 scarce. (6) The small mounds, generally known as the ' praitorium,' were shown 

 to belong to a mediaeval chapel, probably built not earlier than 1400 a.b. The 

 excavations are fully described in the ' Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries 

 for Scotland; vol. x.xxii. 1897-98. 



4. Excavations at the Roman Camp at InchtuthiU, in Perfhsliire. 

 By Thomas Ross, M.D., F.S. A.Scot. 



InchtuthiU Pioman Camp, Perthshire, is situated on the north bank of the Tay, 

 about six miles down tho river from Dunkeld, in the parish of Caputh, the 

 nearest radway station being Murthly. 



InchtuthiU is a plateau elevated about 60 feet above the surrounding low- 

 lying fields, which at no distant date were probably covered with water. The Inch 

 is of a triangular shape, about one mile from east to west by about three-quarters 

 of a mile from north to south. About three-fourths of its area is cut oti' from the 

 camp by a rampart and ditch. The camp, situated in front of Delvine House, is 

 square and occupies an area of fully fifty acres. 



It is defended by a single rampart and ditch, and on the south the rampart is 

 double. On the north the defence is the steep bank of 60 feet. Four circular 

 ovens were found in the east ditch. 



The via jyrincipalis leads through the centre of the camp and down to the 

 river on one side, and to the edge of the bank at the otlier. There is a south 

 gate. 



At a distance of about 130 yards eastwards there is a smaller camp over- 

 looking the river, defended on three sides by a rampart and ditch. It extends to 

 about five acres. No gateway or entrance was found. 



A destroyed work defending the via principalis was found near the river. 



In the south-east side of the Inch very complete remains of baths were i'ound, 

 with two brick-built hypocausts and a stokery ; one cold-water bath, 1:^ ieet by 

 7 feet, with steps and lead pipe in sitif ; hot air flue ; cement floors, one showing 

 indications of having been tiled ; various chambers, with four circular apses. 



At the extreme south-west horn of the Inch there is a very strong fort, 

 extending to about three acres, of which space more than one-half is taken up by 

 the defences. These are against the camp, and consist of five parallel rows of 

 ditches and ramparts of uncommon depth and height. This is probably a native 

 work. 



The ' finds ' consisted of the usual Roman pottery bricks, tiles, lumps of lead, 

 a leaden ring 4^ inches by 3| inches, one Roman coin, and in the fort a rough 

 sooty stone hearth, &c. 



The work connected with the exploration of the camp has been carried out 

 under the direction and care of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, and the 

 expense of the undertaking has been generously borne by the Hon. John Aber- 

 cromby. 



InchtuthiU is part of the estate of Delvine, the property of Sir Alexander Muir 

 Mackenzie, Bart., to whom we are greatly indebted for so kindly granting per- 

 mission to make the excavations, and also for the great personal interest he has 

 taken in the worlc. 



3 r 



