TRANSACTIONS OF SECTION H. 797 



The cephalic indices of the whole specimens are 66'6, 70, 7u, and 75'o, so that 

 two belong to the dolichocephalic group, two to the lowest term of the mesati- 

 cephalic group ; the three calvaria unquestionably belong to the same series. 



The face is orthognathous and leptoprosopic in the male, charaaeoprosopic in 

 the female skull. The nose is leptorhine in two, mesorhine in two, the orbits micro- 

 seme in all. The mandible has a well-marked chin and moderately marked 

 angle. The teeth are moderate and much worn on the crowns. 



These skulls are in distinct contrast to the specimen discovered by Dr. James 

 Bryce in the stone circle on Manchrie Moor. It is not sufficiently entire for 

 measurement, but to the eye in the norma verticalis the breadth bears a consider- 

 ably larger proportion to the length tliau in the skulls discovered by us. 



Thus in the * Megalithic cists serially ai-rauged ' in Arran individuals of a race 

 were interred witli anatomical characters closely resembling those of the long 

 barrows in England, and two of the specimeus exactly realise AVilson's description 

 of a kumbecephalic skull. 



5. The Bones of Hen Nehht} By Charles S. Myers, M.A. 



Hen Nekht is the earliest king of whom the remains have been found. He 

 reigned over Egypt during the third dynasty, about 4000 Tt.c. Mr. John Garstang, 

 who discovered the tomb last season, asked me to undertake the measurement 

 and description of the bones. I am indebted to him for permission to give the 

 British Association my results to-day, before they are more fully incorporated in 

 the official report of his excavations, which is to be published by the Egyptian 

 Research Account. The bones recovered are the skull, the tibiae, a left humerus, 

 left femur, left clavicle, broken fibulfe, pelvis, and scapulae. The vertebrae and 

 fragments of other bones were not brought away. 



The skull is extraordinarily massive and capacious. The cranial length- 

 breadth index is 79-3, the nasal index 51"9, the orbital index 82-2. The face seems 

 orthognathous. The long bones reflect the character of the skull. They are 

 remarkably long and strongly ridged. 



The bones are those of an unusually tall man. The coefficients, however, for 

 determining stature from the length of the long bones difter considerably in indivi- 

 duals as well as in races. The height of Hen Nekht may probably be estimated at 

 1,870 millimetres. Such a stature would very likeW have been considered gigantic 

 by the king's historians. 



Manetho records as the last two kings of the second dynasty Sesochris and 

 Cheneres, whose reigns amounted to seventy-eight years. Eratosthenes, another 

 historian, after apparently omitting the second dynasty, places Momcheiri, 

 reigning seventy-nine years, as head of the Memphite (third) dynasty. Possibly 

 Sesochris and Chenei'es were one and the same king, to whom Eratosthenes gave 

 the name of Momcheiri. Manetho describes Sesochris as a giant Jive cubits in 

 height and three palms \_in breadth — omitted in one of the texts]. Eratosthenes 

 describes Momcheiri as TrepiaaoneXrji and as a Memphite. A marked discrepancy 

 occurs in all lists between the close of the second Thinite and the opening of the 

 third or Memphite dynasty. Possibly with the introduction of stone buildings 

 and pyramids, and with the change of the seat of government from This to 

 Memphis, a new ruling race arose at Memphis with the third dynasty, of whose 

 kin^s, one, tall among his own people, was reckoned a giant by his Egyptian 

 subjects. 



Whether or not Hen Nekht, Momcheiri, and Sesochris are identical may be 

 disputed, but there can be little doubt that the stature of the last has "been 

 exaggerated by Manetho. 



The features of Hen Nekht's skull agree far closer with those of the dynastic 

 than with those of the prehistoric times, according to Mr. Eandall-Maclver's 

 measurements. 



The proportions borne by the long bones of Hen Nekht to one another and 



' Published more fully in Man, 1901. No. 127. 



