ANTENARRIA IN THE MIDDLE WEST 89 
MiIcHIGAN. Among antennarias gathered in Ingham County 
by the late Professor Wheeler for Elias Nelson there is one sheet 
in U. S. Herb. (n. 494963) which Mr. Nelson called A. occidentalis, 
and I can not gainsay the identification; but the three plants 
on the sheet are all fertile. Also they are small and slender for 
this species; but by their involucres they are far removed from 
A. mesochora. The discovery of the sterile plant might easily, 
I suspect, prove the existence there of a species not now definable. 
INDIANA. Dr. W. S. Moffatt of Chicago seems to have ob- 
tained fine fertile specimens of the present species from the ‘‘ Border 
of a thicket’? somewhere in Lake County, 29 May, 1879. They 
are on Sheet” 307217- U's. Herb. 
Collected by myself near Knox, in May 1909 is a species 
about which I am much in doubt. The pappus of the male is 
that of the present species. The involucre of the female is not, 
nor is it any more nearly that of A. mesochora. In stature the 
plants are somewhat smaller than in either and there is less dis- 
parity between the males and females as to size. In two stations 
I found the plants on gravelly knolls along the railway, the land 
never having been under cultivation. This part of Indiana was 
originally not prairie land but timbered, at least mainly. I 
insist on making mention of these ecological considerations 
because they are always significant to the mind of every travelled 
and experienced systematic botanist; this notwithstanding the 
fact that the mere dry-herbarist, the closet botanist, always makes 
light of them, but for reasons too manifest to require mention. 
Farther northward still in Indiana, namely at South Bend, 
I met with a large woodland antennaria which, as seen at first 
in the fertile plant only, I should have referred without much 
hesitancy, to A. mesochora but for the fact of its woodland shade 
habitat. The Studebaker Woods, as they are called, are rather 
low and moist in the main, and although this antennaria grows 
on elevated ground in the shade of upland oaks, yet do these 
elevated shades fall short of being dry woods. Had the first 
been a young growth, and had A. mesochora been found in the 
open country around South Bend, I should have been ready to 
say to myself that these alsophilous plants werea survival from 
the time when these elevations were treeless and open to the sun 
and wind. But the forest is a hundred years old if not a thousand, 
nor did I find a trace of any large-leaved antennaria in all the 
