286 University of California Publications. | ZOOLOGY 
30. Synnotum aviculare (Pieper) Hincks. 
Pl. XIV, figs. 84, 85. 
Gemellaria avicularis Pieper, 1881, Vol. 1X, p. 43, Pl. I, fig. 5-6. 
Notamia avicularis, Waters, 1885, Ser. 2, Vol. 5, p. 6. 
Synnotum aviculare, Hincks, 1886, Ser. 5, Vol. 17, p. 257. 
Synnotum aviculare, Waters, 1896, p. 14, Pl. I, fig. 6, 7. 
Zoarium minute, slender, of delicate texture, glossy, simple 
in habit, consisting of long branches which bifurcate at rather 
distant intervals (fig. 84). Zoawcia attenuated below, expanded 
above (fig. 85); aperture occupying more than two-thirds of the 
front, narrowing below, the margin thin and unarmed; lateral 
avicularia (lat. av.) small, sessile placed at the top of the zoc- 
cium on the inner side, developed on every pair of zocecia, widen- 
ing from the base upward with a minute beak; median avicularia 
(me. av.) pedunculate, capitate, placed at the top of each pair 
of zoccia in the median plane, subglobular, smooth, the beak 
very slightly produced, with a sharp spike-like extremity. 
The sessile avicularia in the. California specimens are not 
alternate as Hincks (786) describes for those from the Adriatic. 
but appear rather on every pair. he capitate avicularia are fre- 
quently lacking in our colonies but this may be due to mutilation. 
The rootlets (fig. 85, r.) frequently arise quite high up on a 
branch from the front surface on the line midway between the 
top and base of a pair of zocecia, sometimes even upon the aper- 
ture of a zocecium. 
S. aviculare occurs with other minute forms of bryozoa at 
Dead Mans Island, San Pedro, and Ballast Point, San Diego, 
California. 
Cellariidae Hincks. 
Escharide (part) Johnston, 1847. 
Salicornariade Busk, 1852. 
Ceilariew Smitt, 1867. 
Cellartide Hincks, 1880. 
Zoarium erect, calcareous, articulated; branching dichoto- 
mous or non-dichotomous. Zoacia usually rhomboidal or hexag- 
onal, disposed in series around an imaginary axis so as to form 
eylindrical shoots. 
