PLATE IX. 
Fig. 41.—S. diegensis sp. nov. Portion of a branch enlarged showing 
form of zowcia (z@.) with large scutum (se.), spines on the upper margin 
of the aperture (ap.) one or more of which are bifid (bi. sp.) ; also lateral 
avicularium (lat. av.) and frontal avicularium on the zowcium at bifurcation 
(bi. av.). On those zowcia not possessing owcia the vibracular chamber 
(v. ch.) plainly visible with its long vibraculum (v.). 50. 
Fig. 42.—S. diegensis. Dorsal view of a few zoewcia to show vibracular 
chamber (v. ch.) sustaining the long vibraculum (v.) at its summit, and 
showing the groove (gr.) extending in the direction of the length of the 
zocecia. At the base of the vibracular chamber and to one side of the groove 
is the pore (p.) from which the root fibre extends (7r.). X 50. 
Fig. 43.—S. diegensis. A vibracular chamber enlarged to show detail. 
Fig. 44.--S. diegensis. The avicularium on zoecium at bifurcation en- 
larged to show its large muscular portion (mus.) and the obliquely directed 
mandible (man.). 
Fig. 45.—Caberea ellisi Fleming. A few zocecia enlarged. Vibracular 
chamber visible from the front (v. ch.); the minute lateral avicularia (lat. 
av.); serrated vibraculum (v.). X 50. 
Fig. 46.—C. ellisi. Dorsal view of a few zocwcia to show vibracular 
(v. ch.) chambers extending obliquely across the back of each zoccium, 
the groove (gr.), and the long vibraculum (v.); also the rootlets (7.) aris- 
ing from each vibracular chamber and proceeding downward through the 
middle of the branch. Rootlets from one side only shown. X 50. 
Fig. 47.—Bugula neritina (Linn.) Oken. Portion of a branch enlarged 
showing zowcia (z@.) with large aperture (ap.), margins of which termi- 
rate in denticles (d.); also pedunculated owcium (0e.). X 30. 
[308] 
