1920] Kofoid: Xoitienclature of Human Intestinal Flagrllates 159 



flagella adhere in this bundle and the fourth is thrown down at one 

 side. This makes determination difficult and leads to tlie acceptance 

 of three as the total number of anterior flagella present. Lynch (1915) 

 found four flagella on T. honiinis in culture. Wenyon and O'Connor 

 (1917) state that four flagella were found by them in all cases of 

 T. intestinalis except on two "occasions," when three and five respec- 

 tively were found. Kunstler (1884) and Lynch (1915) found four 

 flagella in T. vaginalis. 



There is so much discrepancy in the results of different investi- 

 gators as to the number of flagella that one can not be dogmatic and 

 deny the existence of species in man with only three flagella. We 

 affirm that the mo.st critical evidence indicates that T. hominis and 

 T. vaginalis have four flagella, and that no report of a Trichomonas 

 with three flagella from man can be accepted as critical until verified 

 on a number of living flagellates restrained for observation or fixed 

 by fumes of osmic acid, 10 per cent formalin, or Gram's iodine, and 

 after analysis of a number of carefully stained individuals. 



Four anterior flagella have also been found on Tetratrichomonas 

 buccalis by Goodey and Wellings (1917). The number of flagella on 

 the Trichomonas of the respiratory tract has not been determined. 



Ohira and Nogouehi (1917, February) in a paper published prior 

 to that of Goodey and Wellings (1917, July) name the Trichomonas 

 of the mouth Tetratrichomonas hominis, but the specific name hominis 

 is preoccupied in Trichomonas by T. hominis Davaine. This necessi- 

 tates the use of huccalis Goodey and Wellings for this flagellate. 



Tetr.\trichomonas Parisi 1910 



This was established b.y Parisi (1910) as a subgenus of Tricho- 

 monas for a parasitic species {T. proivazeki) from Salamandra, which 

 had four instead of three free anterior flagella. He assigns to Tricho- 

 monas sensu strictu these species with only three anterior flagella. 

 Goodey and Wellings (1917) raise T etratrichomonas to generic .status. 



The genus Trichomonas was established by Donne (1837) with 

 vaginalis as the only, and therefore the type, species. He did not 

 determine the number of flagella in T. vaginalis as four, but later 

 investigators have done this. It follows from this that the genus 

 Trichonomas is founded on a species with four flagella, that Tetra- 

 trichomonas is a synonym of Trichomonas, and that its type species, 

 T. proicazeki, belongs in Trichomonas. 



