184 University of California Publications in Zoology [Vol.20 



lived for some (one and ten) years in the Philippines; one was a re- 

 turned soldier from France who had received since his return two 

 treatments with emetine bismuth iodide and had been cured of an 

 infection by Endamoeba dysentcriae. One patient had lived in China 

 , and in Panama, and another -was born and had lived for many years 

 in Alabama. These data present possibilities of widespread sources 

 of infection. In addition to these cases detected in Berkeley, we have 

 preparations of stools from several overseas soldiers in the Debarkation 

 Hospitals in New York in 1919 containing cysts of Councilmania. 



The cosmopolitan distribution of this infection is definitely proved 

 by the occurrence in literature of figures of cysts of Councilniania 

 attributed to Endamoeba coli from widely separated parts of the world. 

 Thus Walker and Sellards (1913, pi. 1, fig. 4) figure what we regard 

 as a cyst of Councilmania from Manila, P. I. Prowazek (1911, pi. 17, 

 fig. 18) figures among his E. williamsi (which is E. coli) a cyst from 

 Sawaii, in Samoa, which appears to be that of Councilmania. It is 

 probable that some of the figures of Mathis (1913, pi. 2, figs. 2, 6, 9-14, 

 and 16) from French Indo-China are referable here. Casagrandi and 

 Barbagallo (1897, pi. 2, fig. 21) figure from Italy an asymmetrical 

 cyst with bud which may be that of Gcruncilmania, while Ciauri (1917, 

 pi. 1, figs. 11-16) describes and figures an amoeba and its cysts which 

 is undoubtedly Councilmania from a patient who had been with the 

 Italian forces in Libya and Tripoli. Mathis and Mercier (1917) de- 

 scribe the process of budding and recognize two types of cysts in 

 Endamoeba coli, but their diagrammatic figures, as drawn, appear 

 more like E. coli than Councilmania, with the exception of figure 15. 

 Dobell (1920) notes the resemblance of this figure to that of Mathis 

 (1913). The sources of the amoebae discussed by these investigators 

 are not stated. It seems probable also that James (1914, pi. 17, figs. 

 155-156) may have found Councilmania. at Panama. From his ac- 

 count of the activities and the finding of ingested red blood cor- 

 puscles in E. coli it seems probable that Schiff (1919) has observed 

 this species in troops in the German hospital at Haidar Pascha, in 

 Turkey. This list is not exhaustive and there are other less certain 

 suggestions of its occurrence in the literature. The data cited will 

 suffice to indicate a wide distribution of this parasite of man compar- 

 able with though not as yet so extensive and critically founded as that 

 of the other amoebae of man. 



