Field Notes. 335 



this insect having once been seen, and its sudden appear- 

 ance in great numbers is a puzzUng problem in its economy. 

 Another insect, the small copper butterfly, Polyommatus phlceas, 

 which in most manuals is said to be common and generally 

 distributed, I took (one specimen) at the flowers of ragwort 

 in a glade near Bingley Woods, last August, for the first time 

 in this district for forty years ; others, I believe, have been 

 taken by my son, Rosse, this year in this district. How are 

 we to account for such phenomena as the above, except in the 

 belief that there exists in some insects a migrational impulse 

 at certain seasons ; and I believe this is on a much more 

 extensive scale than what is usually accorded by entomologists, 

 — E. P. BuTTERFiELD, Bank House, Wilsden, Bingley, Sept. 

 6th, 1918. 



Cloantha solidaginis, I believe, is always more or less plentiful 

 on the South-west Yorkshire moors, and in some years is very 

 abundant. In my early collecting days, Polyommatus phlceas 

 was in my experience quite a rarity in the Huddersfield 

 district, but of late years has become quite common, and this 

 year was more plentiful than I have ever known it. It 

 abounded at Brockholes, and occurred in numbers in many 

 other parts of our district. — G.T.P. 



— : o : — 



BOTANY. 



Malaxis paludosa (Sw^.) and Salix herbacea (L.) in 



North-west Yorkshire. — In August last, I discovered these 

 plants in the neighbourhood of Sedbergh, in v.c. 65. The 

 Bog Orchis grows on a wet moor, about two miles from the 

 town, well within the county and in a locality where, happily, 

 it is not likely to be destroyed. The only West Yorkshire 

 habitat previously known was, I believe, Gulliver's Swamp, 

 near Greenfield {see Flora of West Yorkshire, p. 436), but the 

 plant is lost there owing to the construction of a reservoir. The 

 Willow, which I found in fair quantity, and very fine, clothing 

 the Upper Silurian (Coniston Grit) rocks at 2,100 ft. on 

 Cautley Crag, has long been recorded for Mid-west Yorkshire 

 from Whernside, Ingleborough and Penyghent, but does not 

 appear to have been noticed before in v.c. 65. — x\lbert Wilson. 



BIRDS. 

 Pied Redwing. — On March i8th I saw near Bridgnorth 

 a Pied Redwing, a species which is much less liable to such 

 variation than either the Thrush or Blackbird. It was one of 

 a large and very wild flock, but it appeared to have a white 

 tail and primaries. It was very noticeable when on the wing. — 

 (Miss) Frances Pitt. 



1918 Oct. 1, 



