374 ^" Mcmoriam : John Gardner, F.E.S. 



and considerably added to the knowledge of the life history 

 and habits of many species not previously described, especially 

 among the Micro-lepidoptera, which he collected from the 

 first. Under the influence of Mr. B latch, he took up the 

 study of Coleoptera in the middle ' eighties,' and he worked 

 the group so thoroughly, and followed up rare and hitherto 

 obscure species so keenly that a great number of species was 

 added to the County list. The coast line between Hartlepool 

 and Castle Eden provided ground he was never tired of working, 

 and here he was turning up new additions almost up to the 

 last ; only recently he recorded the addition of Pkisia moneta 

 to the Durham fauna, a species that first became known in 

 the south of England not long ago, and has gradually spread 

 up through the country. • 



He also worked the Greatham Marshes to the south of 

 Hartlepool, where some species of plants and animals probably 

 reach their most northerly locality ; for instance, one of 

 the ' plumes ' Adactyla bennetii which occurs freely on 

 Statice limoniiim, the masses of which plant, when in flower, 

 are quite a pleasing feature of these marshes. 



Among the rare insects he took was the Oleander Hawk 

 Moth, C. nerii in 1885; in the year 1888, when D. galii was 

 especially plentiful in some parts of the county, he took the 

 species near Hartlepool, and considering that there would 

 probably be larvae on the Galitim on the sea banks, succeeded 

 in finding them there also. Among the many interesting 

 micros ' were Eudorea conspicualis ; Halonota grandcevana, 

 which at one time he took and bred in numbers ; Halonota 

 tiirhidana, of which he discovered the larva and described it 

 along with Mr. J. W. Corder, comparatively recently ; Tinea 

 picarclla, a lovely tinea of which he discovered the larvse 

 feeding in fungi on alder; and Lithocolletis insignitclla, of 

 which he found the larva freely on clover in the district, the 

 only locality for the species in the British Isles. 



He contributed notes occasionally to The Naturalist and 

 most of the Entomological Journals for many years, and was 

 generous in his help and assistance to most of the eminent 

 entomologists of his time, mcluding Buckler, in his Monograph 

 on the Larvse of British Lepidoptera, for which he was the 

 means of finding the hitherto undescribed larva of Miana 

 expolita {captiuncitla) ; J. W. Tutt, in his numerous pub- 

 lications ; F. N. Pierce, in his works on ' Genitalia ' ; C. G. 

 Barrett, in whose work on British Lepidoptera some of his 

 most interesting varieties were illustrated ; Eustace Bankes, 

 in tracing out the life history of ni;my of the ' Micros ' ; and in 

 the Catalogue of the Lepidoptera of Northumberland and 

 Durham, by J. E. Robson. A glance through the latter work 

 shows how much it owes to his energy, more especially in 



Naturalist 



