C H A P T E E III. 



By C. U. Van Hisk. 



THE LOWER MARQUETTE SERIES. 



The Lower Martiuette series consists, from the base iipward, of the 

 foUowing formations: The Mesnard quartzite, the Koiia dolomite, tlie Wewe ' 

 shite, the Ajibik quartzite, the Siamo sLate, and the Negaunee formation. 

 At the beginning of Lower Marquette time the transgression of the ocean 

 was froni the east and the north, and as a consequence the inferior forma- 

 tions of the Lower Marquette series appear only in the northeastern part of 

 the district. South of Pahiier and westward the lowest formation found 

 is the Ajibik quartzite; that is, the three inferior formations of the Lower 

 Marquette district were not here deposited, this part of the district then 

 being al)ove water. 



SECTION I.— THE MESKARD QUARTZITE. 



The formation is given the name Mesnard quartzite because it com- 

 poses the larger part of the mass of Mount Mesnard south of Marquette, 

 and because the predominant rock is quartzite. 



DISTRIBUTION, EXPOSURES, AND TOPOORArilY. 



The Mesnard quartzite makes up a continuous belt adjacent to the 

 Archeanon the south side of the series (see Atlas Sheet IV), extending from 

 west of Lake Mary, sec. 9, T. 47 N., R. 25 W., to the sand plains west 

 of Lake Superior. In sees. 1 and 2, T. 47 N., R. 2o W., the formation 

 extends north to an island of Archean in sees. 2 and 3, and, swinging both 

 east and west of this island, it entirely surrounds it. Upon the northern 



