140 THE GLACIAL LAKE AGASSIZ. 



Farther to the west the terminal moraines of South Dakota, and of 

 North Dakota west of the James River and north to the Northern Pacific 

 Raih-oad, have been mapped by Prof. J. E. Todd for the United States 

 Geological Survey. To give a more complete view of these moraines 

 through the region of Lake Agassiz, notes based on his map and several 

 published papers are included in the present monograph. My observations 

 of the outer moraines on the Coteau des Prairies from Iowa to the north- 

 east part of South Dakota and on the Coteau du Missouri in the northwest 

 part of North Dakota are thus connected and correlated through Professor 

 Todd's exploration of the successive boundaries of the intervening Dakota 

 lobe of the ice-sheet. 



The moraines of the Tiger, Brandon, and Arrow hills in Manitoba, 

 mapped by the writer in 1887, seem probably contemporaneous with the 

 most northern morainic belts in Minnesota, and it is evident that in both 

 districts they belong* to the time of the uppermost in the series of the Her- 

 man beaches, the first and highest of the well-marked shore-lines of this 

 glacial lake. Though these moraines of southwestern Manitoba and north- 

 ern Minnesota are the tenth and eleventh,.the latest formed, in the series of 

 moraines here described, they mark a much earlier stage of the glacial 

 retreat than the terminal moraine observed by Dr. Robert Bell ^ as crossed 

 by the Hill, Nelson, and Churchill rivers, about midway between Lake 

 Winnipeg and Hudson Bay, which may Avell belong to the time of the 

 Campbell beaches or later, while the line of morainic islands reported by 

 Mr. A. P. Low^ along an extent of about 200 miles from south to north 

 and north-northwest in James Bay was certainly formed after Lake Agassiz 

 began to outflow northeastward, perhaps after it was lowered to its present 

 representative. Lake Winnipeg. 



The twelve moraines of Minnesota are doubtless correlative with the 

 similarly numerous moraines, partly simple, with approximately parallel 

 courses, and partly complicated in their arrangement by interblending 

 and overlapping, which have been recently traced by Mr. Frank Levei-ett, 

 passing southward from Wisconsin along the east side of the driftless area 



' Bulletin, G. S. A., Vol. I, pp. 303, 306. 



= Geol. and Nat. Hist. Survey of Canada, Annual Report, new series, Vol. Ill, for 1887-88, pp. 

 25-36 J and 62 J. 



