STUMP AND DEVILS LAKE. 169 



shores and bed of the Sah Lake of Park River, in section 36, Martin 

 (township 168, range 52), should be mentioned, from which a belt of occa- 

 sional bowlders in the lacustrine silt extends northward to the vicinity of 

 Glasston. This belt is perhaps again recognizable in Minnesota, on the 

 east side of the broad alluvial area adjoining the Red River, .where many 

 bowlders are spread on a flat or slightly undulating tract of till a few miles 

 wide, extending from Euclid south to Shirley, succeeded on the northeast 

 by silt and south waixl by till, with few bowlders. 



Through the north half of township 150, range 59, the double Fergus 

 Falls and Leaf Hills moraine consists of swells, knolls, and hills, 20 to 50 

 or 60 feet high above the smoothly undulating surface of till on each side. 

 In the south half of this township the thickness of the sheet of till, extend- 

 ing as a plain toward the Sheyenne, is found to be only 10 to 20 feet, below 

 which the wells enter the Cretaceous shale, obtaining slightly brackish and 

 saline water. On the southern and western shores of Stump Lake, massive 

 hills, called the Blue Movmtains, consisting superficially of morainic drift, 

 but probably having a nucleus of Cretaceous shale, rise 100 to 200 feet or 

 more above this lake, their highest points being 100 to 150 feet above the 

 plain on the south, which close to the hills is overwashed gravel and sand, 

 descending 10 or 20 feet in its width of a half mile to IJ miles. This is 

 succeeded upon a width of 2 or 3 miles next to the south by a very flat 

 expanse of till, the continuation of the same plain, profusely sprinkled with 

 bowlders, continuing to the Sheyenne Valley, which here has a depth of 

 about 150 feet below the plain and a width of a half mile to 1 mile. 



Along the entire south side of Devils Lake (PI. XVIII), extending 

 more than 30 miles from Jerusalem to Minnewaukan, this compound 

 morainic belt is magnificently developed, in many portions forming hills, 

 knolls, and ridges of till, very rough in outline and bristling with multi- 

 tudes of bowlders, of all sizes up to 10 feet in diameter, on a width that 

 varies from 1 to 5 miles. Most of these hills rise 50 to 150 feet above the 

 lake, and appear by their small area and g-lacial features to consist wholly 

 of di'ift; but Sully s Hill and others 2 to 6 miles east of Fort Totteu consti- 

 tiate massive ridges 200 to 275 feet above the lake, and nearly equal heights 

 are reached by the Crow Hills, 4 to 6 miles west of Fort Totten. As was 

 stated of the similarly massive hills south of Stump Lake, these are prob- 



