218 THE GLACIAL LAKE AGASSIZ. 



the second of the Ojata beaches and the Gladstone beach. This locahty is 

 about 235 miles north of the international boundary, being- 150 miles north 

 from the latitude of Gladstone, Arden, and Neepawa, the most northern line 

 upon which mj own explorations supply a comparison of the beaches and 

 determination of their northward ascent. 



At the time of formation of the Hillsboro beach, which had been 

 already preceded by the three higher Blanchard levels of Lake Agassiz 

 since it first began to outflow northeastward, the lake surface thus appears 

 to have been about 140 and 240 feet, respectively, above the southern por- 

 tions of the present Lakes Manitoba and Winnipeg, and approximately 240 

 and 360 feet above the northern portions of Lakes Winnipegosis and Win- 

 nipeg, the northward ascent of the Hillsboro beach being nearly 120 feet 

 in the 150 miles between Gladstone and Kettle Hill. Lake Agassiz during 

 this stage stretched south in the Red River Valley about 15 miles beyond 

 Fargo and Moorhead; and its total length was probably not less than 650 

 miles, with a maximum width of about 200 miles. 



During the formation of the two Emerado beaches the lake on the 

 latitude of Kettle Hill was about 185 and 165 feet, respectively, above the 

 northern part of Lake Winnipegosis, to which 118 feet should be added 

 for its depth above Lake Winnipeg, besides some undetermined amount of 

 present northeastward ascent of the plane of that lake surfixce in the dis- 

 tance of more than a hundred miles to the north end of Lake Winnipeg. 

 The Emerado level of Lake Agassiz began at the south about 5 miles 

 north of Moorhead and Fargo, and stretched probably 600 miles to the 

 north. Its width was little less than that of the Hillsboro stage: but the 

 northward uplifting of the lower Emerado beach between Gladstone and 

 Kettle Hill has been only 85 feet. 



When the lake held its two Ojata stages and Gladstone stage, the 

 depth of water above Lake Winnipegosis was, successively, about 140, 125, 

 and 90 feet; and its extension southward in the Red River Valley was for 

 the lower Ojata beach to Caledonia, near the mouth of the Goose River, 

 and for the Gladstone beach to the vicinity of Belmont, N. Dak., about 20 

 miles south of Grand Forks. The portion of Lake Agassiz extending into 

 the United States at the Gladstone stage had a length of almost 100 miles; 



