CAMPBELL BEACHES IN MINNESOTA. 411 



above the sea was not exactly deteriTiined here, nor along the next 12 miles 

 of this shore northward, mostly marked by a low escarpment of till, in 

 Green Meadow and Si)ring Creek townships. 



Close south of the Sand Hill River, in section 34, Liberty, the top of 

 this Campbell escarpment is 1,010 feet above the sea, being probably 10 

 feet higher than the lake level when it was made. It runs in a nearly 

 due-north course, parallel with the well-developed McCauleyville beaches 

 which lie a half to two-thirds of a mile farther west. Continuing north- 

 ward through Liberty and Onstead townships and the southern two-thirds 

 of Kretchmarville, this shore-line is almost continuously a terrace cut in the 

 till, having a descent of 10 to 30 feet within as many rods. Numerous 

 residual bowlders are strewn upon a narrow belt below the terrace. Ero- 

 sion was in progress along the greater part of this terrace during both the 

 upper and lower Campbell stages of the lake; but a beach ridge of gravel 

 and sand, which was accumulated along its base during the lower stage, 

 extends through section 5, Oustead, and into the adjoining sections. 



From the southeast part of section 9, Kretchmarville, the Campbell 

 shore takes a north-northeastward course for the next 10 miles t(i the south- 

 west corner of the township of Red Lake Falls and to the Red Lake River 

 Along this extent it bears a conspicuous beach deposit, on which several 

 farmhouses are built, their cellars being dug to the depth of G or 8 feet in 

 gravel and sand, while the surface on each side of the shore-line is till. For 

 the greater part of this distance there are two parallel beach ridges, usually 

 occupying together a width of about 50 rods. The crest of the eastern 

 and higher beach is 1,012 to 1,015 feet above the sea, and that of the lower 

 beach about 1,000 feet, varying from this only 1 or 2 feet. Ea^'.h lidge has 

 a descent of 4 to G feet toward the east, and their western bases are respec- 

 tively at 995 and 985 feet, approximately. The upper and lower Campbell 

 levels of Lake Agassiz, which heaped up these beaches by their waves, 

 were very nearly at 1,000 and 990 feet. 



In the west edge of section 30, Red Lake Falls, only the upper beach 

 ridge is present. Its width is about 30 rods, and its elevation varies from 

 1,013 to 1,020 feet, with descent of several feet eastward and 15 to 20 feet 

 to its western base. On the top of this prominent sand and gravel ridge. 



