BEAUTIFUL TLAIISr AND ORANGE RIDGE. 425 



only a quarter to a third of an inch in diameter, lint also inchides layers of 

 sand and coarser gravel, with pebbles np to 2 inches in diameter, of which 

 about three-fourths are from the Paleozoic formations of magnesian lime- 

 stone that occiip)- tlu^ country eastward to Lake Winnipeg and northward 

 to the Saskatchewan. 



From Arden this beach extends north-northwest through the northeast 

 part of township 15 and nearlj^ throiigh the center of township 16, range 

 14. In the north half of to\vnship 16 it has in several places a naiTow, 

 teiTace-like secondary beach on its eastern slope 5 to 10 feet below the 

 crest of the main beach ; and it is closely bordered on the west by a low 

 escarpment of till which rises 5 to 10 feet above the beach ridge and forms 

 the margin of a flat or slightl}- uneven expanse of till that ascends slowly 

 westward. A post-office situated close west of this beach and escarpment, 

 in section 32, townsliip 16, is named Orange Ridge, in allusion to the orange- 

 red lilies (Liliuni phUadclpMcmn L.) which grow in abundance on the sandy 

 and gravell)' soil of the beach. The elevation of the Orange Ridge or 

 Beautiful Plain beach on the north line of the northeast quarter of section 

 32, township 16, is approximately 1,080 feet above the sea; and of the 

 escarpment on the west, which was eroded during the early part of this 

 upper Campbell stage, 1,090 feet. 



The lower Campbell beach is crossed by the railway near the south- 

 east corner of section 6, township 15, range 13, where the elevation of its 

 crest is 1,061 feet, with a descent of 8 feet in about 15 rods to the east and 

 5 feet in a few rods to the west. Through the next 15 miles northward it 

 lies a half to two-thirds of a mile east of the Beautiful Plain and Orange 

 Ridge. East of the latter, on the line between townships 16 aud 17, range 

 14, the elevation of its crest is about 1,070 feet, with descent of 15 feet to 

 the east and 10 feet to the west. 



The northward continuations of the Campliell lieaches pass through 

 sections 5 and 8, township 17, range 14, to Thunder Creek, and thence a 

 few degrees west of north to the Big Grass River, in section 31 of this 

 township. Thence they traverse sections 6, 7, and 18, in township 18, 

 range 14, and the northeast part of township 18, range 15, where a swamp 



